When and when to spray fruit trees
If the owner of the summer cottage knows what and when to spray fruit trees (for those interested – their pruning and formation), then you can protect the garden and get a good harvest. Timely treatment will protect fruit trees from parasites and dangerous diseases. These include: aphids, larvae, butterflies, beetles, caterpillars, cytosporosis, rot (mold and fruit), milky shine and others.
If the gardener knows and when to spray fruit trees, he protects both plants and fruit. Some plants can also suffer from pests during flowering, which can significantly affect the harvest (quality and quantity). Therefore, you need to know when to spray the fruiting plants in question (there are separate articles about raspberries and grapes), as well as what, that is, what drugs do.
Summary of the article
When to process fruit trees
If there were no problems with fruit trees in the country last season, then in the spring you still need to spray. This procedure is a prophylactic measure from aphids, powdery mildew, caterpillars, Petern, leaflets and other pests.
If the garden plot was injured by insects, then the first post-harvest measures must be taken in the fall. However, spraying can only be carried out if the weather is still maintained at least +5 degrees. In addition, it is necessary not only the trunks and branches of plants, but also those lying under them. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the possibility of spring damage on plants.
With the beginning of the spring, the processing must be repeated. If we follow the recommendations of professionals, then the triple spray should be carried out in the spring: the first time – in the first days of March, before the buds of the kidneys – in the beginning or middl e-April, when the temperature is set at +10 degrees and fruit plants bloom and the last – and latter – at the end of May.
When processing fruit trees for the first time, it is necessary to calculate that at least 20 days will be spraying of the plant into the flowering of its foliage. The bottom line is that chemical and biological sources of origin suitable for processing take several weeks to decompose. So that the young leaves are not injured, it is necessary that the drug manages to decompose before their flowering.
The second processing must be carried out before flowering. In this case, the concentration of drugs should be very weak, so as not to destroy inflorescences.
The last spraying is desirable to carry out closer to the end of May. The averages and its consistency should be similar in that it was used during the second spray.
It is advisable to carry out work in calm and necessarily dry weather in the morning or in the evening. If you treat fruit crops before the rain, it will wash away the medicines and there will be no point in such treatment.
Preparing trees for spraying
Before starting processing, it is necessary to prepare plants and the land area on which they will be planted. First we remove from the site the old branches and foliage left over from the previous season because parasites were able to hibernate there.
From the trees older than 10 years, you should remove the old bark and clean them from lichen and moss. In the presence of cracks in the trunk, it is necessary to carry out manipulations with a brush on metal. Such procedures help the plant to breathe and improve the appearance of shoots and stimulate its regenerative abilities.
When the preparatory work has been done, the area and fruit trees can be selected by spraying and concentration to grow the drug. The watering solution should be done immediately before its use, otherwise it may harm the plant, but remain harmless to insects.
How to spray fruit trees from spring to fall
How to process fruit trees, each summer cottage decides on its own. In addition, today there are many drugs that are suitable for processing plants at different times.
If the fruit tree is not a lot of pests, then go to the fight against them:
home remedies
- hot peppers,
- hemp
- nightshade,
- Onion,
- celandins,
- Tax,
- Tobacco.
These funds have shown their effectiveness in the fight against bugs.
In the case when there are a lot of pests or folk methods, gardeners prefer funds in such an area as:
Chemistry
- diesel fuel,
- copper dome,
- Drug 30 (30 Plus, 30V),
- Urea,
- iron dome,
- Bordeaux liquid (mixture).
This does not mean that it is better for spraying fruit trees, since each tool described has a directional action, that is, it fights a specific type of insect. Or the drug may be perfect for one type of fruit tree, but useless and often dangerous for another. In addition, it is not recommended to use chemicals when displaying fruits.
Folk remedies for combating insect pests on fruit trees
For pests like hawthorn and apple cups, you can use folk remedies tansy, celandine, tobacco or dandelion. Pollination with these plants can only be done after rain or watering, only preliminary, they need to be dried and finely chopped. In addition, decoctions can be made from them, which are perfect for processing fruit and berry trees and bushes.
tax infusion
The preparation is quite simple: 0.7 kg of tansy powder needs to be poured with 10 liters of boiling water. Mix the mass, leave to infuse for 48 hours. When the right time passes, the resulting mixture is boiled for about a quarter of an hour, later we filter through gauze (sieve) and mix with another 10 liters of water. Mix everything again. Spraying with such a solution can be done several times per season.
Pepper pepper infusion
A bucket of water requires 1 kg of pods. They need to be poured with liquid and insist 48 hours, after which an hour (plus or minus) cook the resulting mass. The concentrate after boiling must be poured into bottles with tight lids. You can use the product all year round as needed. Before use, it is necessary to add laundry soap (80 g) to a bucket of water (10 l).
Onions, dandelion, tobacco and celandine
You can use without preparing the infusion. It is enough to very finely chop dry plants and sprinkle on an irrigated fruit and berry plant.
Chemicals for spraying fruit plants from diseases and pests
Chemical drugs are used to treat fruit trees when infusions can not affect numerous representatives of pests and diseases in plants.
Bordeaux liquid
This tool can be used with repeated spraying, when the buds are already on the branches, but have not yet bloomed. But the prepared solution should be very weak. You need to add a bucket of water:
- 50 g dry copper sulfate,
- 0.2 kg of lime.
Everything is mixed and pollination is carried out with the resulting solution.
urea (urea)
You can use this drug after a week after the end of flowering pears (drain, apple trees), as well as for further preparation of fruit trees for the winter, to process the barrel and branches.
In the first case, it is necessary to take 0.5 kg of urea and about a matchbox of copper sulfate on a liquid bucket. A high concentration of such a solution will destroy all larvae. And if you spray the plum in the fall, it is possible to protect the plum color from spring frosts.
A weak urea solution can be used to spray the orchard after it blooms. This saves seedlings from aphids, leaflets and flower tales. To get a weak mixture, 50 grams of urea is taken on a bucket of liquid.
Processing of urea trees in the autumn period can be carried out no earlier than the branches lose half of the foliage. Then you need to take 0.25 kg of urea on a liquid bucket. You can wait until the foliage completely crumbles and use concentrated urea (8%). In this case, not only the orchard, but also the earth, that is, the fungicide, will perform the fertilizer function, which is subject to processing.
copper sulfate
Pollination with this orchard can be carried out no more than 2 times for a year. The first processing is carried out early in the spring, before the kidneys appear. The reason for this is that even a weak solution of the drug can destroy young foliage. In addition, if cracks appear on the seedling that require disinfection, the use of copper sulfate is recommended. As a rule, the treatment of trees with this fungicide is carried out in early March, and then closer to the end of October. A solution of copper sulfate is used to protect apple trees and pears from lesion, curly, phyllosticosis and plums from kockmose and curly.
For a young seedling whose age does not exceed 6 years, you need 2 liters of solution, and for an adult fruiting plant – 10 liters.
The mixture for primary pollination of the tree is prepared as follows: add copper sulfate and lime (0.3 kg each) to water (10 l). Mix, leave for 48 hours, boil for 45 minutes, add another bucket of liquid.
For secondary processing, you need to take 0.1 kg of lime and sulfate per 10 liters of liquid, boiling and straining. Dilute with water and carry out the procedure.
In order not to cook infusions, you can buy a ready-made product – nitrate, dilute it in 10 liters. Liquids.
inkstone
If old pears, plums and apple trees prevail in the orchard, then spraying with a solution of this product must be carried out in spring (early) and autumn (later). Thanks to this, it will be possible not only to get rid of pests, but also to remove moss, deprive, remove cytosporosis, septosporosis, as well as black cancer. Also next year planting trees in the orchard will increase the yield.
The ferrous sulfate not only fights insects and diseases in the garden, but also provides plants with the iron they need for life.
diesel fuel
The and some other oil products have been using it for a long time when you need to treat an orchard. However, when using it, everything must be done carefully. Be sure to have human protective products (respirator, gloves and closed clothing). In addition, spraying the garden with this tool can lead to the death of orchards. Therefore, all manipulations must be carried out carefully and in a timely manner.
Garden processing is possible in the spring, when snow still lies and there are no kidneys on the trees. In the fall, manipulations can be carried out only after the foliage is completely released from the stands, that is, to the frost.
In its purest form, this oil product cannot be used. It is diluted in a large amount of liquid, other products are also added that can minimize the destructive activity of diesel fuel. It is possible to have such a mixture with a concentration of 50%: 10 parts of fuel diluted with 9 parts of water and add 1 part of economical soap to the mass.
drug 30
Gardeners are recommended to be used in spring or late autumn, diluting 0.2 liters of substances in 10 liters of water. The solution will help to effectively get rid of whiteflies, aphids, ticks, leaflets and other insects that comfortably winter in the bark of orchards. Manufacturers guarantee absolute safety for the seedling when using the “Drugs 30”. The bottom line is that the substance does not poison pests, but in larvae and eggs violates gas exchange against the treated area. The drug 30 covers the bark on the barrel with a thin film, under which the pests die.
However, this tool is often not recommended. The optimal spraying time is 3 seasons.
How and how to treat fruit trees in the autumn period
When autumn arrives, the orchard requires special care. Constant temperature changes are detrimental to orchards. At such a time, plants need competent care, and the gardener should be able to correctly determine the time for all processing. In the middle of autumn, potassium fertilizers and superphosphate need to be added under the trees.
In the first decade of October it is necessary to clean the branches and stamps of the old bark, and then apply a lime solution to them. Young seedlings in the country can be treated with chalk solution. Size and apple seedlings can be saved from rodents if you connect the stems and the beginning of skeletal deductions of the mats using a hazel or cherry branch. In extreme cases, ordinary stockings are suitable.
But this is not the end of the work. After the first snowfalls, you need to shed the stalks to close access to rodents.
Trees from fruit, fruit – apple trees, drain, pears from pests. How do I spray correctly at what temperature?
Spraying trees is a mandatory and integral part of caring for orchards of every summer beautiful and healthy all year round. By spraying fruit trees, parasites and harmful bacteria can destroy all your powers for garden improvement. First of all, spraying fruit trees is aimed at protecting them from caterpillars, butterflies, beetles and aphids.
By spraying apple trees, you can protect them from aphids that often form nodules on the bark of a tree, which then tear and turn into ulcers. If you do not stop aphids in time, which infect plums, pears, cherry plums and apricots in addition to apple trees, the leaves of the tree begin to curl and then fall off. The tree itself can stop growing and drying out.
And the spraying of the plum primarily serves to protect against the cockchafer, the fruit threads and leaves. The larvae of this insect are particularly dangerous for a young orchard because they severely damage the roots, which can lead to plants.
By spraying pears, apples, plums and cherries, you can not only save leaves, but also ripe fruits from caterpillars and butterflies and thus receive the ripening harvest.
When do fruit trees inject?
To hear from the advantages of spraying and knowing when trees have to be sprayed are two different things. If you spray an orchard at the wrong time, you cannot reach the desired result at best and, in the worst case, remain without harvesting. The processing of fruit trees must not only be carried out if the fruits have already formed on them, but also long before, in early spring and even after harvesting the entire harvest and the leaf fall – in late autumn and of course in summer, at the peak pest activity.
Based on many years of experience of gardeners, a kind of tree spray calendar has been put together that indicates when and with what trees are to be sprayed. This means that, based on the collection and systematization of the experiences of various gardeners, a certain sequence of actions was determined, which provides the best result in the harvest. When compiling such calendars, not only the starting period is taken into account, but also what is best to use at this time. For example, the gardener calendar not only shows when trees are to be sprayed in spring, but also what they are to be sprayed in every spring month and the same recommendations for other seasons.
Spray the trees in spring
The first spraying of trees against pests is planned for spring, so everything seems to be clear, but the question remains: “At what temperature should trees be sprayed”? Experts recommend starting with pest control when the snow has just melted and the air temperature rises above + 5 ° C.
Usually the first spraying of apple trees, pears and plums falls in spring in mi d-March, at the beginning of bud formation. When cutting off and injections of fruit trees in spring, it is particularly important to take care of bark cracks in which different shame organisms could overwinter. For an inexperienced gardener, it is important to know how to spray trees correctly, i.e. which preliminary work is to be done and how to apply the solution. The first thing you have to do in spring is to clean the tree trunk with a brush and only then use the solution that needs to be prepared on the same day. Otherwise it does not harm insects and the fruit tree itself can be burned. If the spring processing of trees aims to combat microorganisms in March, the buds of plums, apple trees and pears will have to be protected from deer beetle and fungal diseases in April, and in May, if everything has already been faded, try to do it from diseases and to protect other pests.
Spray the trees in autumn
Spraying fruit trees in autumn is an important part of the sizeron closure and the preparation of the garden for wintering. It is recommended to start this procedure in October or November if the leaves have already slept out of the branches, and there is no risk of damaging them with chemicals. If you do not use apple trees, pears and drainage in autumn, chemistry that can damage the leaves, the first part of preparing the garden can be started for wintering immediately after collecting a one.
Before processing in trees over 6 years, it is recommended to remove lichen and old bark with a metal brush. Neither braids nor the old bark damage to the plant, but they are a popular place for the overrun of pathogens by different diseases and pests. After such cleaning, you start with the first processing of the trunks.
And the last autumn spray of trees should occur if they have lost leaves and plants, and not only includes with the fruit plants themselves, but also with a fallen leaves that were left under the tree. Later, spray trees can be carried out after the first frost after you have previously removed the leaves, weeds and fallen branches from the location, i.e. everything that has accumulated during the season.
Drugs to spray trees
As already mentioned, a good work calendar for spraying protective equipment for apple trees, drainage, pears and other fruit trees not only contains timing if it is better, but also information about how trees can spray in early spring, in late spring, summer And in autumn.
Of course, you yourself decide what to spray fruit trees in spring, because this is your garden. Yes and medium for the processing of the garden, today there is a large variety that is suitable for both early spring work until the kidneys in apple trees, pears and drainage and during the opening of leaves, flowering and formation of fruits are formed.
The most frequently used funds of the household gardeners are:
It is not possible to give every medication a clear preference, since its effect can be more directed towards a certain type of threat than others or its effect can be so strong that it can damage the leaves of the tree, so it is only used At the beginning of March or late October. Another recommendation for the processing of the garden is the termination of the use of chemistry when fruits occur, as well as the use of medication to spray 3 weeks before the harvest.
copper sulfate
It is recommended to spray trees with copper sulfate in the country season. Once – in the early spring in front of the first kidneys on their trees, even young leaves can damage the solution that is diluted in recommended proportions and also use sulfur when wounds require disinfection on a fruit tree. This fungicide is usually used to process pears, plums and apple trees in early March and end of October. By processing the plums with copper sulfate, you can protect the plum gardens from marral, moniliosis, cockroaches and equipment. Apple trees and pears protect against phyllastics, curlyness, currents and moniliosis.
If your orchard consists of young trees up to 6 years, a solution of copper sulfate is required up to 2 liters per 1 fruit seedlings and up to 10 for adult fruit bulbs or apple tree.
Spraying fruit trees with copper sulfate is recommended in the morning or in the evening on a calm day at a temperature of +5 ° C to +30 ° C, in no case. Since this fungicide is a very aggressive drug, it is recommended to get rid of animals and people and ensure that its remains do not fall into wells and other water supplies or reservoirs.
urea (urea)
Spraying trees with carbamide can be done as the first care of apple trees, plums and pears per week after flowering or as the last preparation of trees for wintering. Of course, any such processing requires its special concentration and at the same time achieves an additional effect that saves future harvest.
Since the first processing of fruit trees, high concentration with a slight addition of copper sulfate, it allows not only to destroy the larvae of pests, but also, which is especially important when spraying the plum, slow down the speed of waking up from Winter for 1-2 weeks. This protects the delicate color of the plum from early frosts.
Carbamide is weaker (50g per 10L of water) concentration, the orchard is sprayed a week after flowering to protect orchards from apple flower lords, coppersa, aphids, caterpillar leaves, etc.
Fall spraying of urea trees, formerly known as urea, can be done when about 40-50% of the foliage has been showered off the branches. In this case, the concentration of the solution should be higher than during flowering, but less than 500 g per 10 liters. Or, after waiting for the complete fall of the foliage, you can use solutions with more concentrated urea-7-10%, prepare the garden for the next season, using not only the trunks and branches themselves, but also the soil, using they use the drug at the same time: as a fungicide and as a quality fertilizer.
However, if you hurry and use this tool of such a high concentration, the leaves can get burns and, as a result, frost.
inkstone
Spraying trees with ferrous sulfate, like its copper counterpart, is usually done twice a year during the period when the garden is not yet green or is already preparing for wintering.
Spraying fruit trees with iron sulfate has a double effect: on the one hand, the garden receives iron, which is necessary for plants in an accessible form, which plays an important role in planting respiration, and on the other hand, it is an effective protection against pests. Deficiency is particularly sensitive to iron – orchards consisting of apple trees, pears or plums that have a lack of metal – a small amount of harvest or incomplete development of fruits.
If the orchard consists mainly of old apple trees, drains and pears, then spraying is carried out not only in early spring, but also at the end of autumn, which will help not only to fight pests, but also to destroy lichen, moss, young, young , cytosporosis, black canker, septoporosis and cytosporosis on the bark and branches, which make it possible to accelerate the growth rate and increase the productivity of the plant in the next year.
drug 30
Preparation 30 for spraying the trees of pear, plum or apple trees is recommended to be used in the early media or late autumn at a concentration of 200 g per 10 liters of water. With the processing of orchards with this tool, you can get rid of the white-winged, false liners, leaflets, shields, aphids, moths, coppersa, worm, red and brown fruit ticks. This drug is no less effective in fighting larvae in the summer. According to the manufacturer, it is safe for the tree itself, since it does not fight by poisoning with various substances, but with the help of a thin film of gas exchange, which at such stages as larvae or eggs fell under the processing of pests. The drug creates adverse conditions for the existence of pests and leads to their imminent death.
And although such an effect can be achieved by the method harmless to fruits, but given the formation of film and the period of decay of some elements of the drug 30, some gardeners do not recommend more than 1 time every 3 years .
diesel fuel
Diesel fuel, like other oil products, has been used for spring and autumn processing of the garden for many decades, but it must be used with great caution. The fact is that spraying trees with diesel fuel can cause burns or the death of orchards.
Therefore, spraying fruit trees with diesel fuel should be treated very responsibly, and most importantly, apply the mixture at the right time. If this is Vesta, then such orchards as apple trees, pears and plums should be processed not only to the foundation of the leaves, but preferably even before the formation of the kidneys. In the autumn period it is better to wait for the foliage to fall after the first frosts.
Nobody uses diesel fuel to process an orchard in its pure form, but they mix with a lot of water and other substances and reduce its destructive activity. Diluted diesel fuel processing may even be recommended if the apple tree or plum has an acute angle that has begun to rot over the years. In this case, the annual use of this substance can impede the processes of decay.
trees sprayers
Processing of the orchard is carried out using special devices of a manual or mechanical principle of action. A device for spraying trees is simply indispensable for caring for an orchard of one thing, since it protects the gardener himself from contact with chemicals and allows you to evenly distribute the drug through plants. Each such device is equipped with a pump for delivery of a spray tool. To work with powder chemistry, there are devices with air injection.
Mechanical models are much more convenient than manual ones, but several times more expensive and provided that the gardener has a small garden are unjustified luxuries. At the same time, the manual apparatus requires the pears, plums, apple trees and other representatives of the fruit garden with constant pressure created for processing, which is provided by pumping the gardener’s hands. However, the principle of pumping in different devices is different: some devices work on preliminary pumping, while others work constantly. Each of these options has its own pros and cons. The gardener must choose the most suitable model for himself.
As you can see, there are many aspects, from the weather forecast for the next month to analyze the distribution of certain pests in the region in the current season up to the analysis of the condition of your system, your average age, etc., what when choosing the time and the spray is to be taken into account. Therefore, for beginners and those who want to achieve the maximum yield with minimal effort, it is better to contact the specialists of our company to get help with garden maintenance. All employees of the Soverägn company are highly qualified specialists who work on their orchard competently and inexpensively and propose further options for increasing productivity.
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