Sowing vegetables in the ground – when and what to sow?

Gardening for Beginners: An Easy Guide for 2022

Would you like to try gardening but are afraid that growing vegetables will be too difficult? First of all, congratulations on a great plan and welcome to our resilient gardeners club! And secondly, just remember the taste of a “real” tomato and the aroma of dill from the garden, and all doubts will disappear.

Of course, becoming a gardener-farmer in a month is impossible, and even more so, simply reading articles without practice will do little. But we thought a few tips would help beginners and those who are growing vegetables for the first time this year. At the same time, we want to warn you that we have picked up the main steps to think about and not a complete guide to growing garden plants. We hope that on our page, which we have chosen especially for beginners, you will also find a practical guide to useful articles and master classes.

Decide what and how much you want to grow

Your first step to growing your own vegetables is knowing what you want to grow and what you can realistically grow. So you need to define your goals:

• Do you want vegetables just for you and your family?
• Want enough to sell grain to other people?
• How many landing pads do you have?

The answers to these questions will help you understand what, how much and where you will plant.

First you need to choose what you are definitely going to eat. If no one in your family likes Moscow Region watermelons and melons like Kolkhoznitsa, then why grow them? If you’re tired of a bunch of zucchini all spoiling each other (as well as squashes) in August, don’t give them any scarce spots. There is actually no need to talk about real potato cultivation on 6 hectares (where there is still a house, trees and lawn). Save up? What? Sorry? If, thanks to your education and applied skills, you know how to do something well, maybe it’s better to earn money in this field and leave the cultivation of potatoes to the Tambov farmers? But that’s a lyric. A few buckets of potatoes can be collected from 6 hectares.

For beginners, it makes sense to grow only those vegetables that exactly suit the tastes of family members.

As for selling crops, as a beginner you have to wait a while to make sure you can actually grow quality products in sufficient quantities (considering the whole cost chain: soil, fertilizers, medicines, water, crops, transportation, etc.) p .). Accordingly, two questions remain to be resolved: do you have a greenhouse / greenhouse, how much space can be allocated for beds? From this hearth we roll on.

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Of course, on no other market is there such a variety of tomato varieties as when you grow your own.

Do all vegetables have to be grown through seedlings?

Let’s calm down right away: it is absolutely not necessary to urgently sow seeds for seedlings, you can buy it ready-made, just select the seller in advance and reserve the right amount (for example, on Avito and on social network groups from VK). In addition, there is a backbone of vegetables that are grown without seedlings – by sowing seeds immediately on the beds in the spring. That:

A big plus of these plants – the seedling stage is overlooked when growing does not require a greenhouse/greenhouse. But most have high moisture requirements in the early stages; Protection against pests (potatoes, cabbage) is required; Some take up a lot of space (pumpkins, zucchini, potatoes, cabbage).

The list of vegetables that seedlings need to grow: tomatoes, eggplants and peppers look much shorter. But if you don’t have a greenhouse, or at least you have a greenhouse, you’ll have to say goodbye to them. Only standard and bush varieties of tomatoes can grow in open ground (read in the air), the remaining thermophilic vegetables are very capricious that a decrease in temperature below +15 ° C and such weather is possible that we will be a whole June .

Onion is an exception. To grow it, you need to buy small bulbs – sow and plant them in early May.

Plant leaf lettuce and flavorful greens into the base of peppers and tomatoes

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Purchase of seedlings and seeds

After deciding what to grow, you need to choose the time, allocate finances for buying seedlings or seeds. You can also combine two methods.

When choosing seedlings, reserve the right amount in advance. This approach is often recommended for beginners because it’s easier.

On the other hand, buying seeds is much cheaper. You get more plants, you can rate different strains of the same plant to see which grows the best. But this is the next year, since according to the schedule of planting seedlings, peppers and eggplants, tomatoes are sown in the second half of February – no later than half of March.

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Find the right spot for the garden

The next step is to find the right place. Cucumbers, tomatoes, melons, and most other southern plants need a stint in the sun. So, if possible, find a place where six to eight hours of sunlight per day are available.

However, if there isn’t much sun in your yard, don’t worry! There are also plants that bear the partial sun, such as cabbage, lettuce, and other leafy greens. Just avoid planting under large trees as they can steal all the sun, water and nutrients from your veggies.

If you have no space at all, you can turn to the cultivation of the container. To do this, it is important to choose the right size pots that you use. Also, make sure they are in a sheltered zone from the wind so the strong wind couldn’t bring them down.

Zucchini in a barrel

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Prepare the ground

Before you start landing, you need to make sure your soil is healthy and not too acidic. You can buy a test and do it yourself. If it exhibits excessive acidity then you will have to be content with container growing and greens this year as the soil is fine in the fall.

In raised beds, the soil can be periodically replaced with a new, fertile one

If the place is old, and flowers and other beauty grew on it, then most likely the soil is exhausted. When planting it is necessary to introduce complex fertilizers of a longer action.

From the standpoint of what you can do for the soil during the season, consider making your own compost. Investigating how to make compost will benefit you in the long run. Not only is this free soil and fertilizer in one bottle, it’s also a way to dispose of plant debris.

If the garden has come to your life unexpectedly, but think about buying a cultivating person for a long time: With this technique, digging the beds will go faster than sugar disappears from the shelves.

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Loft bed for green

Find out the best landing methods

What you can do before landing is your garden plan. For example, do not plant garden plants in places that you cannot reach, and do not make any beds too wide – it is impossible to pour them into weeds or pour them. In the conditions of the place, increased beds are the best option because they can approach them from all sides.

Some plants love to group together because they have advantages from the shared landing. For example, tomatoes grow well with basil, asparagus and salad. On the other hand, they don’t like rosemary, peas and cabbage. Study plantings to offer the best conditions for your herbs and vegetables.

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Plant seeds and seedlings

The general recommendation is to plant potatoes, onions and garlic when the soil temperature reaches at least 7 ° C. Carrots, radishes, green, salad and beets love damp soil, they can be sown in the second half of April. Cucumbers are planted on open ground when the risk of frost runs. The seedlings of vegetables in the greenhouse can be planted in May second.

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Aquatic plants correctly

In addition to healthy soil and good layout, your plants also need a lot of water for growth. It is better to pour in the morning because plants have more time to absorb water and it will not evaporate so quickly. If you leave for a week until next weekend, all plantings have to mulch. Think in advance where you can get chips, mow grass, peat and other organic matter.

Buy hoses and other consumption materials for irrigation in advance: Wear water pipes – last century

The way they have water water is also important. Make sure to pour vegetables under the root, not on the leaves. You can water manually or at least in the greenhouse to install a drip irrigation system.

Mulch helps to pour less often

The watering of vegetables is sufficient once or twice a week. Add a hydrogel during planting when growing in a container culture. These are such magical sorbucher that absorb moisture and then slowly give the plant.

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Get rid of damage and illness

You have to be aware that you will probably have to deal with diseases and pests. To reduce their number, you can use mulch, manual collection of caterpillars and colorado bedle and preventive sprays with herbs.

Colorado beetle on potato

Be morally prepared to buy the necessary medication and walk along the beds with a spray – by the way, biological medication that can also be used on leafy vegetables have long been available.

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What to plant in the garden: when and how to plant, a list of vegetables and berries

Every novice summer resident is interested in the question of what to plant in the garden. After all, many crops are grown in our country. In addition, it is not enough just to plant and grow all the vegetables and herbs in a row in the garden. It is necessary to take into account some nuances, for example, the correct “neighborhood” of plants. It is also important to know exactly where on the site to plant this or that crop, because some plants need light places, while others need shade. Knowing all the nuances of planting plants in summer cottages, the gardener will get a beautiful plot (and the flowers will perfectly decorate his landscape design) and a good harvest.

We plan landings

1. Draw a scale plan of your location on graph paper. Format no smaller than A3. No need to hand sketch on the knee, take accurate measurements. You will need a tape measure and an assistant.
2. On the blueprint, mark all existing and planned buildings: a house, barn, utility rooms, swing, gazebos, barbecue area or pool, any flower beds, a compost heap. Separately we note the vineyard (if existing or planned).
3. Make a copy of the site plan, for example on tracing paper, or redraw it, copy it, as there can be several options.
4. On all surfaces free from buildings and flower beds, select zones according to the lighting: the sunniest and the most shady. To do this, spend a day and look closely at where the shadows fall from trees and buildings.
5. Note the water source.
6. Choose places where you can put greenhouses or a greenhouse – these are the widest areas. Consider the distance to the platforms and aisles. The passage for a wheelbarrow should be at least 50-60 cm, the larger the area, the greater the width of the tracks you can afford. But if the plot is small, it all depends on your appetite: are you willing to settle for 30-centimeter passages between beds, or do you need more to turn around while weeding?
7. If you have made a large list of planned plantings in the garden, then it is better to make narrower beds of 45-60 cm than wide meters.

Optimal bed sizes

The beds should be planned so large that they are easy to care for: sow, plant seedlings, weed and stretch with the watering can.

Therefore, the ideal dimensions are 80 cm wide, 3-4 m long, 35 cm high (for beds with a fence). If you have many helpers from childhood, for example, grandchildren and children who help with weeding during the holidays, then the best width is 70 cm.

With such dimensions, it is convenient for everyone to reach with their hands on each side of the row spacing to the middle of the beds.

The maximum allowable width of the bed is 1 m, under cabbage planted in two rows you can take 100-120 cm, the row spacing is at least 30 cm, optimally 40 cm, if you want a wheelbarrow to drive up to the bed, then 50 cm These measurements are for a small garden where every centimeter is precious. If your site is fairly large, feel free to leave 60-80 cm wide passages.

What to grow in the garden

So we’ve come to the point of planning the beds, it’s time to decide what to plant. We make the wishes of family members and look at the list:

• tomatoes
• Bulgarian and paprika
• Cucumbers for canning and salad
• turnip
• carrot
• Onions for the winter and for canning
• white cabbage early, middle, late,
• cauliflower
• Kohlrabi
• Radish,
• turnip
• daikon
• garlic
• zucchini
• To squeeze
• pumpkin
• beans
• lettuce
• lettuce
• dill
• Parsely
• watermelon
• Peas
• Corn
• early potatoes
• strawberries

Yes, the list came for a long time … what to do? And now we have to cross the surplus. First let’s make a reservation that we do not grow for sale, but for ourselves. A commercial garden is a completely different article.

If the area of ​​the garden and planned beds are clearly insufficient for the desired list, you must extinguish the surplus in accordance with the principle of practical and profitability of growth.

For example, potatoes – to supply potatoes for the winter, you do not need a garden, but a separate potato field, a location. However, it is quite possible to breed early potatoes at a time when it is extremely expensive in the shops, and it remained soft and sprouted in the basement. At the same time, it is enough for them to plant only a dozen bushes to offer a family of 3 to 4 people with potatoes for a month.

From the entire list of the desired vegetables and berries that are more convenient for you according to the principle:

• which are the most difficult to grow
• who are the cheapest on the market or in business (easier to buy)
• that require more time than they can provide them
• This is more difficult to deliver the desired temperature, the light and the water
• which are incompatible with the rest, very necessary for their cultures

The yield of certain garden plants is very different, some prove a large area, but give a small harvest, for example peas. His yield depends on the variety, it takes a lot of space and, on the whole, not everyone has a good peas.

Or corn – takes on a decent area, its productivity does not justify it when the property is small. In addition, only a few people like corn from vegetables – they do not tolerate their grapes and beets.

But radishes are demanding and very profitable culture. Early vegetables are always very expensive, but the most desirable and like a radish, combined with lots of vegetables and berries, are very justified. The same applies to leaf salad, basil. Dill cannot be intentionally grown – fill the sections of the garden perfectly by sel f-timing, where it is comfortable.

If you have a small child that is forced to eat for allergies or for any reason, you may need to give up certain plants, for example spices, legumes (except Gidrats), dikes and allergen berries, but release a Sunny dumplings for watermelons , pave the melons or more beds with colored cabbage.

Or take such a vegetable like aubergine – it is not difficult to breed it and find a place in the garden, and it is more profitable to grow than buying – the prices for the aubergine are high all year round, and the vegetables are high all year round Go into many snacks and a cucumber in many snacks.

Nevertheless, the climatic conditions remain the main criterion to determine what is becoming plants in the country, since it is simply not possible to wear fruits in the shade, which requires a lot of light. With all the wishes, they do not grow watermelons if the location is not sunny and warm.

Planter

The name of the vegetables

When to plant when

How to plant

When harvesting when

Which cultures are combined in the garden

Before planting cultures, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the information about the compatibility of cultures. Below you will find a list of main cultures and plants that can be combined and which can be better planted from one another.

Cucumber. This vegetable combines well:

• Salad,
• Radish,
• Sunflower,
• Corn,
• Tomatoes,
• Peas.

Bad compatibility with cucumbers with:

• Sage,
• Fennela,
• Dill,
• Mint.

Tomatoes. The neighborhood with:

• Garlic,
• Carrots,
• Spinach,
• Onions,
• Corn,
• Kohl,
• Parsely.

It is better not to plant it next to tomatoes:

You can sow with cabbage:

This vegetable with:

• Tomatoes,
• Strawberries.

Aubergins can be planted near vegetables (e.g. cauliflower), but the best neighbors are:

• Legumes,
• fragrant herbs.

Potato prefers neighborhood with:

• Kohl,
• Radish,
• Corn,
• Bean
• Slalad.

Do not plant next to potatoes:

Carrots fit well:

• Onions,
• Tomatoes,
• Sage,
• Garlic,
• Bean
• Radish.

However, it is not advisable to combine dill with carrots.

Bogen is compatible with:

• Kohl,
• Carrots,
• Turnip,
• Small lettuce,
• Radish,
• Strawberries.

Bad neighbors are:

Combine pepper with:

• Basil,
• Coriander,
• Carrots,
• Bow.

It is advisable to rule out:

Rettich reacts calmly to the neighborhood with vegetables.

Salad. Will be a good neighbor for:

• Strawberries (strawberries),
• Beets,
• Peas,
• Tomatoes,
• Kohl.

Salad is not well compatible with parsley, but excellent with chrysanthemums.

Turnip. It has good tolerance with cabbage, but bad with tomatoes and beans.

Beans. Develops normally next to:

• Kohl,
• Turnip,
• Tomatoes,
• Pumpkin,
• Carrots.

Not combinable with:

• Leek,
• Garlic.

If possible, garlic is perfectly grown next to gladiolus.

Flowers in the farm garden

Many people think that a garden only serves to plant vegetables. However, there are excellent exceptions. Flowers can also be planted in the beds, but everything is in a row, but useful, for example:

• Ring flowers (on the edges of the rows),
• Medical chamomile,
• Yarrow,
• Capuchin cress,
• valerian
• Mint.

These plants can be planted in small flower beds or at the end of the rows.

Decorative vegetable garden

A plot planted with plants lets your imagination run free (after all, not everything is based on food). Everyone puts on their own garden. After all, it is not necessary that only vegetables and berries are available on it. You can also assign a little space for beauty. In addition, some flowers such as nasturtium or marigold can coexist with different cultures. It all depends on the area of ​​the available territory and the imagination of the summer resident.

Planting can be placed in such a way that a symmetrical pattern, interesting image groups or concentric circles are created.

At a place where there is constant shade, you can set up a bank or set up a pavilion, plant decorative ferns and in the end it will be impossible to find a better place to relax.

A spectacular background can be curtains made of tall plants that inspire with lush and bright flower:

• Decorative sunflower,
• Curly asparagus beans,
• Jerusalem artichoke,
• Mallow,
• Dahlias and others.

Planning a garden is a fairly difficult but very exciting job. If you take this process creatively, carefully superior and calculate everything, you can plant everything you have planned, and the summer beds become your pride.

And if you show a little imagination, the site will still be very nice and will delight the eye. Every beginner can grow vegetables in the garden on request. If something does not work in the first season, the result will not be long in coming next year with the correction of all mistakes.