Review of the tractor MTZ-82. Description, technical characteristics and evaluations of users
Serial cultural tractor “Belarus” MTZ-82 was designed for a long professional life. This modification was developed in the late 1970s on the basis of the 50th model. Like all MTZ units, the agricultural machine is able to work effectively in all climatic zones.
The agricultural unity is rationally aggregated with almost all additional mechanisms and devices. In addition to agriculture, it is successfully used in various industries, has a high level of productivity, is economical in enterprise, simple and reliable in service.
The price of a new MTZ 82 tractor is in the range from 1.15 to 1.3 million rubles. Depending on the configuration. How much will have to pay for a used machine depends on the condition of the main systems and mileage – the cost varies from 0,3 million rubles and higher. There are overhauled tuned MTZ models on the market, which have retained their excellent performance characteristics to this day.
MTZ-82 Belarus model description
Since the moment of serial release, the 81 hp multifunctional 1.4 TC unit has been deservedly popular among the private owners, and is successfully used at the industrial enterprises and various agricultural companies and services. The main difference of the base model MTZ-82.1 from the 80th modification is a all-wheel drive at the front axle.
Over the years of series production, the model has been repeatedly improved and upgraded. Drives, gears, hydraulics and engines were subjected to various transformations – all to expand functionality, improve reliability and implement new features.
There were made modifications: MTZ-82P planting machine with half-chain drive for rice cultivation, MTZ-82K tractor for work on slopes, MTZ-82N low-loader, T-70B/c crawler, one version with electric starter T-80L.
The design of the tractor is based on the basic layout solution in terms of practicality: optimal access to the engine and other mechanisms, devices, and rational placement of the cab. The design is half-frame.
Technical characteristics
| engine | |
|---|---|
| Power, PS/KW | 81/59.6 |
| make | D-243 |
| Environmental standard | Level 0/level I |
| Specific fuel consumption, g/(kWh) | 229 +3 |
| Max. torque, nm | 298 |
| transmission | |
| transmission | mechanical gearbox with step down gearbox |
| clutch | Friction single panel constant closed type with mechanical control |
| Number of forward/reverse passes | 18/4 |
| Heckzapfwelle, mi n-1 | 540/1000 |
| Hydraulic system | |
| Load capacity of rear folding device on suspension axle, kg, min. | 3200 |
| Maximal pressure, МПА | 20-2 |
| Volume flow of pump at rated speed of diesel engine crankshaft, l/min, no less | 45 |
| Hydraulic tank capacity, l | 25.5 ± 0.5 |
| Undercarriage system | |
| Type | on wheels |
| Formula of bicycle | 4K4 |
| tires | |
| front | 11.2-20 |
| rear | 15.5R38 |
| Other features | |
| Brakes / trailer brakes | Dry pneumatic dual disc/single wire parking brake |
| Maximum permissible mass, kg | 6500 |
| Climatic capacity | U1/T1 |
| Minimum and maximum forward/reverse speed, km/h | Min. 1.94/4.09; Maximum 34.3/9.22 |
| Reverse gear | mechanically |
Dimensions
The operating weight of the tractor is 3.9 tons. With the load, the unit can weigh no more than 6.5 tons. Machine dimensions: length/width 3.93/1.97 m, height with large cab 2.78 m.
engine
The younger models of the 82nd model were equipped with twin-cylinder engines of small capacity of 12 hp compared with today’s productive machines. Today’s units are equipped with powerful 4.75-liter direct-injection engines. Engine heaters are installed on some models to save diesel fuel, improve machine control, and reduce cold performance at low temperatures.
For engine cooling, a mandatory coolant cooling system is provided. The tractor fuel tank volume is 130 liters, as well as for almost all MTZ machines.
chassis
The front axle is leading, portal with a self-locking differential, works in three modes: constantly turns off and automatically turns on, even in case of slipping of the rear wheel. Doubling of the rear wheels is possible.
Differential lock with hydraulic control works in two modes: forced engagement and disengagement. An additional automatic mode is available when a hydromechanical booster is installed on the tractor.
Due to the high ground clearance of 46.5 cm (rear axle) and 64.5 cm (front axle), the tractor has good ground clearance. It is successfully used in growing vegetables, in other works, where this indicator is of great importance. Track width is adjustable: 1400-1800 mm on the front axle, 1800-2100 mm on the rear. The wheels are equipped with low-pressure pneumatic discs. The minimum turning radius is 4.1 m.
transmission
Transmission is a non-synchronized manual, staggered type, offers 18 forward speeds, 4 when driving in reverse. Clutch clutch is single disc friction type.
cab
Modern MTZ-82 tractors have a large and comfortable hermetic cabin. The cabin of agricultural machinery meets all the requirements of safety and comfortable work of the operator. Ergonomics and comfort for tractor operator is provided by panoramic glazing, opening windows, availability of windshield wiping equipment, heating and air cleaning systems.
In addition, the tractor is equipped with a rollover detection system, which reduces the risk of overturning and falling.
steering and brake control
MTZ Belarus-82 tractor is equipped with a hydraulic control system with hydraulic cylinder and donor pump. To facilitate steering some models are equipped with hydraulic mechanical power steering. The main and parking brakes are pneumatically actuated, dry, disc and are separately controlled mechanically by two pedals.
Rear PTO is independent and operates in 2 modes 540/1000 rpm. When working in synchronous mode, it provides 3,44 rpm. Some modern “Belarus-82” models are equipped with synchronous dependent PTO with the rotation speed of 1200 rpm, where various assemblies and devices are rationally assembled.
Read more: Overview of the new Holland tractors. Main technical characteristics. operating characteristics
hydraulic navigation system
MTZ tractors are equipped with two types of hydraulic systems – without capacity controllers and in a modern version – capacity position setting. The device with three pairs of independent hydraulic outputs allows automatic adjustment of position, height and force, which increases the quality of work and makes it much easier for the operator to control the power arm.
Heckraft three-point elevator with a minimum lifting capacity of 3.2 tons The lower drivers are lockable, either externally or internally.
Attachments
When used in combination with the mounted equipment Belarus 82 tractor performs a wide range of agricultural works, from primary tillage: plowing, cultivation, hilling, to seeding crops, interplanting crops and sprouts: inter-row tillage, digging in mineral fertilizers and crop care products, insecticides. It works effectively with hay, mowing grass during harvesting cereals and industrial crops.
The device is used in forestry, industrial enterprises, transport companies, construction industry, utilities and parks. It is used as a tractor, the maximum weight of the loaded trailer is 9 t.
The Belarus MTZ-82 tractor is successfully used as a powerful drive for stationary woodworking machines and other units. It is able to perform functions of a bulldozer, excavator, front-end loader in aggregate with appropriate attachments.
List of aggregated equipment:
Hay turnover window frames potato planter shovel kun cultivator high spoon trailer hitch crescent mower
Control Functions
You can buy a base version of the tractor MTZ-82.1 and if necessary order optional equipment: trailed hydraulic hooks, ballast, reversing instinct, wheel coupling device, tires of bigger width, metal-ceramic coating on coupling disc, hydraulic creep, starting system, optional seat.
service
Uninterrupted work of the agricultural machine means timely maintenance: every shift and after 60 minutes.
Review of the tractor MTZ-82. Description, technical characteristics and evaluations of users
Serial cultural tractor “Belarus” MTZ-82 was designed for a long professional life. This modification was developed in the late 1970s on the basis of the 50th model. Like all MTZ units, the agricultural machine is able to work effectively in all climatic zones.
The agricultural unity is rationally aggregated with almost all additional mechanisms and devices. In addition to agriculture, it is successfully used in various industries, has a high level of productivity, is economical in enterprise, simple and reliable in service.
The price of a new MTZ 82 tractor is in the range from 1.15 to 1.3 million rubles. Depending on the configuration. How much will have to pay for a used machine depends on the condition of the main systems and mileage – the cost varies from 0,3 million rubles and higher. There are overhauled tuned MTZ models on the market, which have retained their excellent performance characteristics to this day.
MTZ-82 Belarus model description
Since the moment of serial release, the 81 hp multifunctional 1.4 TC unit has been deservedly popular among the private owners, and is successfully used at the industrial enterprises and various agricultural companies and services. The main difference of the base model MTZ-82.1 from the 80th modification is a all-wheel drive at the front axle.
Over the years of series production, the model has been repeatedly improved and upgraded. Drives, gears, hydraulics and engines were subjected to various transformations – all to expand functionality, improve reliability and implement new features.
There were made modifications: MTZ-82P planting machine with half-chain drive for rice cultivation, MTZ-82K tractor for work on slopes, MTZ-82N low-loader, T-70B/c crawler, one version with electric starter T-80L.
The design of the tractor is based on the basic layout solution in terms of practicality: optimal access to the engine and other mechanisms, devices, and rational placement of the cab. The design is half-frame.
Technical characteristics
| engine | |
|---|---|
| Power, PS/KW | 81/59.6 |
| make | D-243 |
| Environmental standard | Level 0/level I |
| Specific fuel consumption, g/(kWh) | 229 +3 |
| Max. torque, nm | 298 |
| transmission | |
| transmission | mechanical gearbox with step down gearbox |
| clutch | Friction single panel constant closed type with mechanical control |
| Number of forward/reverse passes | 18/4 |
| Heckzapfwelle, mi n-1 | 540/1000 |
| Hydraulic system | |
| Load capacity of rear folding device on suspension axle, kg, min. | 3200 |
| Maximal pressure, МПА | 20-2 |
| Volume flow of pump at rated speed of diesel engine crankshaft, l/min, no less | 45 |
| Hydraulic tank capacity, l | 25.5 ± 0.5 |
| Undercarriage system | |
| Type | on wheels |
| Formula of bicycle | 4K4 |
| tires | |
| front | 11.2-20 |
| rear | 15.5R38 |
| Other features | |
| Brakes / trailer brakes | Dry pneumatic dual disc/single wire parking brake |
| Maximum permissible mass, kg | 6500 |
| Climatic capacity | U1/T1 |
| Minimum and maximum forward/reverse speed, km/h | Min. 1.94/4.09; Maximum 34.3/9.22 |
| Reverse gear | mechanically |
Dimensions
The operating weight of the tractor is 3.9 tons. With the load, the unit can weigh no more than 6.5 tons. Machine dimensions: length/width 3.93/1.97 m, height with large cab 2.78 m.
engine
The younger models of the 82nd model were equipped with twin-cylinder engines of small capacity of 12 hp compared with today’s productive machines. Today’s units are equipped with powerful 4.75-liter direct-injection engines. Engine heaters are installed on some models to save diesel fuel, improve machine control, and reduce cold performance at low temperatures.
For engine cooling, a mandatory coolant cooling system is provided. The tractor fuel tank volume is 130 liters, as well as for almost all MTZ machines.
chassis
The front axle is leading, portal with a self-locking differential, works in three modes: constantly turns off and automatically turns on, even in case of slipping of the rear wheel. Doubling of the rear wheels is possible.
Differential lock with hydraulic control works in two modes: forced engagement and disengagement. An additional automatic mode is available when a hydromechanical booster is installed on the tractor.
Due to the high ground clearance of 46.5 cm (rear axle) and 64.5 cm (front axle), the tractor has good ground clearance. It is successfully used in growing vegetables, in other works, where this indicator is of great importance. Track width is adjustable: 1400-1800 mm on the front axle, 1800-2100 mm on the rear. The wheels are equipped with low-pressure pneumatic discs. The minimum turning radius is 4.1 m.
transmission
Transmission is a non-synchronized manual, staggered type, offers 18 forward speeds, 4 when driving in reverse. Clutch clutch is single disc friction type.
cab
Modern MTZ-82 tractors have a large and comfortable hermetic cabin. The cabin of agricultural machinery meets all the requirements of safety and comfortable work of the operator. Ergonomics and comfort for tractor operator is provided by panoramic glazing, opening windows, availability of windshield wiping equipment, heating and air cleaning systems.
In addition, the tractor is equipped with a rollover detection system, which reduces the risk of overturning and falling.
steering and brake control
MTZ Belarus-82 tractor is equipped with a hydraulic control system with hydraulic cylinder and donor pump. To facilitate steering some models are equipped with hydraulic mechanical power steering. The main and parking brakes are pneumatically actuated, dry, disc and are separately controlled mechanically by two pedals.
Rear PTO is independent and operates in 2 modes 540/1000 rpm. When working in synchronous mode, it provides 3,44 rpm. Some modern “Belarus-82” models are equipped with synchronous dependent PTO with the rotation speed of 1200 rpm, where various assemblies and devices are rationally assembled.
Read more: Overview of the new Holland tractors. Main technical characteristics. operating characteristics
hydraulic navigation system
MTZ tractors are equipped with two types of hydraulic systems – without capacity controllers and in a modern version – capacity position setting. The device with three pairs of independent hydraulic outputs allows automatic adjustment of position, height and force, which increases the quality of work and makes it much easier for the operator to control the power arm.
Heckraft three-point elevator with a minimum lifting capacity of 3.2 tons The lower drivers are lockable, either externally or internally.
Attachments
When used in combination with the mounted equipment Belarus 82 tractor performs a wide range of agricultural works, from primary tillage: plowing, cultivation, hilling, to seeding crops, interplanting crops and sprouts: inter-row tillage, digging in mineral fertilizers and crop care products, insecticides. It works effectively with hay, mowing grass during harvesting cereals and industrial crops.
The device is used in forestry, industrial enterprises, transport companies, construction industry, utilities and parks. It is used as a tractor, the maximum weight of the loaded trailer is 9 t.
The Belarus MTZ-82 tractor is successfully used as a powerful drive for stationary woodworking machines and other units. It is able to perform functions of a bulldozer, excavator, front-end loader in aggregate with appropriate attachments.
List of aggregated equipment:
Hay turnover window frames potato planter shovel kun cultivator high spoon trailer hitch crescent mower
Control Functions
You can buy a base version of the tractor MTZ-82.1 and if necessary order optional equipment: trailed hydraulic hooks, ballast, reversing instinct, wheel coupling device, tires of bigger width, metal-ceramic coating on coupling disc, hydraulic creep, starting system, optional seat.
service
The development of a new generation of bicycle tractors of 1.4 t traction class with diesel engine began in 1966 in Minsk. To accelerate the process, it was decided to develop the machine on the basis of proven tractors MTZ 50 series. 75 PS The cab was also modified, and the hood and radiator liner were changed.
Series production began in 1974, and 6 years later the tractor underwent the first modernization with the replacement of the cab. In the course of this work, the design of the machine was updated several times, and the technical and environmental parameters were increased. For example, after 2016, produced cabs can be equipped with air conditioning to improve working conditions for the driver. The compressor is mounted on the engine and is driven by a belt.
Technical Data
The main technical parameters of the tractor:
Weight (without ballast and additional equipment) – 3270 kg;
Traction category – 1,4 t;
Working volume – 4,75 liters;
Cylinder diameter – 110 mm;
Piston sleeve – 125 mm;
Order of liners in cylinders – 1-3-4-2;
Geometric compression ratio – 16;
Rated power – 80-81 hp at 2200 rpm;
Torque – up to 298 N*m at 1400-1600 rpm;
Maximum speed – up to 34,3 km / h.
MTZ 82 engine
For the Belorussian trucks used in-line 4-cylinder diesel engine with forced liquid cooling. Early series were equipped with D-240 engine with power from 75 to 80 hp (depending on the year of production). The camshaft is located in the body of the cylinder block, the valves are actuated by sticks and shifters. Each cylinder has 1 inlet and outlet valve. The clearances in the mechanism are manually adjusted.
A separate 1-cylinder 10 hp starter motor is used to start the machine. Some tractors are equipped with an electric starter that is controlled from the driver’s cab. Since the early 2000s, an improved diesel engine D-243 with 81 hp is used, which meets the standards of toxicity levels I and II.
Fuel is supplied through a mechanical pump and nozzles. Some units are equipped with devices for heating before starting in winter.
Fuel consumption
Diesel fuel consumption depends on the load and the type of work to be carried out:
Technical characteristics
Plowing of medium density floors – 33,6 kg per 1 ha;
- Sowing on medium-density floors – 14.9 kg per 1 ha;
- Cultivation – 9,5 kg per 1 ha;
- Plowing of fire ditches – 210 kg per 100 km of ditch;
- Crop processing – 5.6 kg per 1 ha.
- Fuel consumption depends on the condition of the engine piston group and the general technical condition of the tractor and agricultural attachment. When the engine is worn, its power decreases and oil consumption increases. The manufacturer recommends changing the lubricant in the diesel crankcase every 250 hours of work (measured with the control device built in the cabin).
- transmission
- The tractor is equipped with a 9-speed transmission with a 2-speed overdrive gear, which increases the number of forward gears to 18. The transmission contains 2 reverse gears, which are converted to 4 by shifting gears. Some tractors have a reversible 9-speed transmission.
- A 1-disc dry friction clutch is used to transmit torque from the engine to the input shaft of the box. A 540 rpm or 1000 rpm pipeline shaft can be on the gut (operator selectable mode of operation). Some tractors also have a speed reducer that increases traction.
- Tractor hydraulic equipment
- The hydraulic cylinders are driven by a gear pump mounted on the gearbox. The pump delivers a capacity of 45 liters per minute and the pressure is limited by a safety valve. Double-acting cylinders are used in the construction of the equipment and the permissible lifting capacity of the rear hydraulic elevator is 900 kg (with a range of 1900 mm relative to the rear axle axis). A sliding residence with multiple positions and manual control is used to distribute the fluid flows.
The engine is equipped with an additional pump with reduced capacity. It is used to ensure the performance of the hydraulic power steering. The hydrostatic actuator is used for units that were manufactured after 2015. The booster is part of the steering mechanism, and a steering trapeze with levers and ball joints is used to turn the wheels.
Pneumatic system
The pneumatic system is powered by a 1-cylinder compressor mounted on the engine. The compressed air is collected in a steel actuator and is designed with a safety valve and drain. The compressed air is used to drive the trailer brake chambers and to operate the auxiliary mechanisms of agricultural machinery.
braking system
Dry disc brakes are used to stop the tractor, mounted on the half-wheel of the rear axle. There are 2 pedals in the cab for separate control of the brakes, they can be connected to the common circuit (when driving on the highway). In addition to the working brakes of the tractor, the pneumatic crane controls the compressed air brake chambers of the trailer.
Electrical part of the tractor
- The electric circuit is 1-wire, the negative terminal of the battery and the negative leads of the consumers are connected to the tractor body. The voltage is 12 V, a lead-acid battery and an alternator are installed on board. On tractors with an electric starter, 6-volt batteries were connected in a common stack in a series circuit.
- wheels and drive
- The rear axle of the tractor is designed with a differential with special automatic or forced locking. The front axle is equipped with a tapered differential. A separate PTO shaft is used to drive the front axle.
- Pneumatic tires size 15.5R38 are installed at the rear (sometimes there are narrow 9.5R42 tires), tires in front of the standard 11.2R20 are used. All wheels have a special tread pattern, which provides increased cross-country ability in the field.
- Tractor dimensions
- Dimensions of MTZ 82 wheel tractor:
length (between the ends of the longitudinal arms of the Hadera) – 3930 mm;
transmission
height (from the floor to the roof of the cabin) – 2470 mm;
base – 2450 mm;
Clearance (minimum under the front axle) – 590 mm;
Turning radius (on the outer wheel with a carpet of 1400 mm) – 4300 mm.
What modifications are there?
On the base of MTZ 82 basic model there are following modifications of the tractor:
MTZ 82.1 with bevel gears in the front axle drive;
MTZ 82.2, differing by application of planetary reduction gears in front axle hubs;
MTZ 82 mk chassis, designed for installation of municipal equipment;
MTZ 82 P, created for machining of rice plantations;
MTZ 82 H modification, designed for long-term operation on slopes up to 8°;
MTZ 82 K modification, allowing to work on steep slopes;
MTZ L 82.2 tractor equipped with a protective cabin cage for work in forestry;
Belarus 820, distinguished by the updated design of the cab and hood.
Features and additional equipment
MTZ 82 tractor allows to perform agricultural work and is used in utilities. An additional ballast, which increases the load on the drive wheels, is installed as a complete set. This restores the normal driving conditions. In the 80s, a set of rubber tracks on the rear wheels and additional rollers were introduced for the tractor. Torque was transmitted through the floors on the rear tires.
- With optional attachments, the tractor could be used as a bulldozer or loader, and an excavator and hydraulic supports could be installed to increase stability during operation. Some tractors were equipped with a side crane to which a pulley was attached. Belt drive is used to drive stationary devices (water pumps or agricultural machinery).
- Control functions
- In winter, it is recommended that the engine be heated with stand-alone heaters or a stream of warm air is added to the engine. Do not allow the diesel engine to idle for more than 15 minutes. Because of the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning, it is strictly forbidden to warm the engine in enclosed spaces. If the next drive will not be used, the wave tax levers are placed in the neutral position.
- If the wave shift is engaged, acceleration to speeds greater than 8 km/h is prohibited (due to the risk of destruction of transmission components). The use of 9th gear is allowed only if the gearbox has an activated overdrive row. The standard tractor cab is designed for the operator only. A second person is only allowed if there is an integrated passenger seat (optional). Towing the machine with the front axle raised is not allowed, because the increased loads destroy the drive pinion of the axle.
- If the unit is operated at low temperatures, arctic diesel fuel is used for refueling. The cooling system is filled with a special liquid with a low freezing point.
- After finishing the layer, the fuel tanks are filled, which reduces the risk of condensation. The manufacturer allows operation of the tractor at altitudes up to 3000 m above sea level to ensure quality engine operation, while the fuel pump performance is reduced. Operation at higher altitudes is not recommended.
Necessary maintenance
The system requires scheduled maintenance of the tractor after 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 hours of operation. In addition, the machine is checked before and after the end of the working layer. The list of works is given in the technical documentation, which is issued when working with the tractor. To increase operational safety, seasonal maintenance is carried out, during which the lubricating fluids in the engine and gearboxes are replaced.
- Main irregularities
- Tractor malfunctions are associated with difficult starting or malfunctioning engine due to clogged filter, worn out parts or external contamination in the fuel. Damage to the radiator and piping leads to a broken coolant circuit and overheating of the diesel engine. The tractor is equipped with a clutch that requires adjustment of pedal play and setting the position of the release levers. The use of these devices causes wear of the gears in the gears, resulting in increased noise in the plant.
- 40960 engine hours. Heavy-duty tractors require specific maintenance, seasonal routine work.
- The tractor consumes diesel fuel as fuel, the fuel brand should be chosen according to climatic conditions. In summer period it is recommended to use Sae-30, Sae-40, Sae-50 and Sae-20 engine oil. Mult i-area or 140 SAE in summer, 90 SAE in winter is used in the transmission.
- Large disruptions, repairs
- Among the many advantages of the MTZ-82 are reliability, trouble-free operation and ease of maintenance. Availability of spare parts and consumables, as well as high repairability significantly reduce unproductive downtime of the equipment.
- Like all devices, MTZ-82 tractors in the process of operation are subject to a certain technical wear and tear, which is quite natural. Proper care, timely maintenance can repeatedly extend the life of the device, because most of the violations and failures occur due to improper maintenance.
- The most common failures are associated with improper operation of the engine, gearbox, differential, rear diverter, steering and the main tractor systems – brake, hydraulic, pneumatic. In the instruction manual, the manufacturer describes in detail the causes of errors and gives practical recommendations for correcting the problems that have arisen.
Video consulting on operation
Tractor Belarus MT Z-82 – overview
Chassis of Belarus’ MTZ-82.1 tractor
Control Functions
Owners reviews
Nikolay:
“In my opinion, all MTZ tractors are great machines. They have been in operation for so many years that they were able not only to maintain production, but also to reach the modern level, not worse than the imported celebrities. As for Belarus 82, it is a universal helper in general – both on a small plot and on a large field it works efficiently and unpretentiously. Advantages – good technical properties, excellent terrain, helps on heavy floors, good traction with any attachment. “
Igor:
After finishing the layer, the fuel tanks are filled, which reduces the risk of condensation. The manufacturer allows operation of the tractor at altitudes up to 3000 m above sea level in order to ensure quality engine operation, while the fuel pump performance is reduced. Operation at higher altitudes is not recommended.
Necessary maintenance
The system requires scheduled maintenance of the tractor after 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 hours of operation. In addition, the machine is checked before and after the end of the working layer. The list of works is given in the technical documentation, which is issued when working with the tractor. To increase operational safety, seasonal maintenance is carried out, during which the lubricating fluids in the engine and gearboxes are replaced.
Main irregularities
Tractor malfunctions are associated with difficult starting or malfunctioning engine due to clogged filter, worn out parts or external contamination in the fuel. Damage to the radiator and piping leads to a broken coolant circuit and overheating of the diesel engine. The tractor is equipped with a clutch that requires adjustment of pedal play and setting the position of the release levers. The use of these devices causes wear of gears in the gears, which leads to an increase in noise at the plant.Series production began in 1974, and 6 years later the tractor underwent the first modernization with the replacement of the cab. In the course of this work, the design of the machine was updated several times, and the technical and environmental parameters were increased. For example, after 2016, produced cabs can be equipped with air conditioning to improve working conditions for the driver. The compressor is mounted on the engine and is driven by a belt.
Technical Data
The main technical parameters of the tractor:
Weight (without ballast and additional equipment) – 3270 kg;
Traction category – 1,4 t;
Working volume – 4,75 liters;
Cylinder diameter – 110 mm;
Piston sleeve – 125 mm;
Order of liners in cylinders – 1-3-4-2;
Geometric compression ratio – 16;
Rated power – 80-81 hp at 2200 rpm;
Torque – up to 298 N*m at 1400-1600 rpm;
Maximum speed – up to 34,3 km / h.
MTZ 82 engine
For the Belorussian trucks used in-line 4-cylinder diesel engine with forced liquid cooling. Early series were equipped with D-240 engine with power from 75 to 80 hp (depending on the year of production). The camshaft is located in the body of the cylinder block, the valves are actuated by sticks and shifters. Each cylinder has 1 inlet and outlet valve. The clearances in the mechanism are manually adjusted.
A separate 1-cylinder 10 hp starter motor is used to start the machine. Some tractors are equipped with an electric starter that is controlled from the driver’s cab. Since the early 2000s, an improved diesel engine D-243 with 81 hp is used, which meets the standards of toxicity levels I and II.
Fuel is supplied through a mechanical pump and nozzles. Some units are equipped with devices for heating before starting in winter.
Fuel consumption
Diesel fuel consumption depends on the load and the type of work to be carried out:
Technical characteristics
Plowing of medium density floors – 33,6 kg per 1 ha;
- Sowing on medium-density floors – 14.9 kg per 1 ha;
- Cultivation – 9,5 kg per 1 ha;
- Plowing of fire ditches – 210 kg per 100 km of ditch;
- Crop processing – 5.6 kg per 1 ha.
- Fuel consumption depends on the condition of the engine piston group and the general technical condition of the tractor and agricultural attachment. When the engine is worn, its power decreases and oil consumption increases. The manufacturer recommends changing the lubricant in the diesel crankcase every 250 hours of work (measured with the control device built in the cabin).
- transmission
- The tractor is equipped with a 9-speed transmission with a 2-speed overdrive gear, which increases the number of forward gears to 18. The transmission contains 2 reverse gears, which are converted to 4 by shifting gears. Some tractors have a reversible 9-speed transmission.
- A 1-disc dry friction clutch is used to transmit torque from the engine to the input shaft of the box. A 540 rpm or 1000 rpm pipeline shaft can be on the gut (operator selectable mode of operation). Some tractors also have a speed reducer that increases traction.
- Tractor hydraulic equipment
- The hydraulic cylinders are driven by a gear pump mounted on the gearbox. The pump delivers a capacity of 45 liters per minute and the pressure is limited by a safety valve. Double-acting cylinders are used in the construction of the equipment and the permissible lifting capacity of the rear hydraulic elevator is 900 kg (with a range of 1900 mm relative to the rear axle axis). A sliding residence with multiple positions and manual control is used to distribute the fluid flows.
The engine is equipped with an additional pump with reduced capacity. It is used to ensure the performance of the hydraulic power steering. The hydrostatic actuator is used for units that were manufactured after 2015. The booster is part of the steering mechanism, and a steering trapeze with levers and ball joints is used to turn the wheels.
Pneumatic system
The pneumatic system is powered by a 1-cylinder compressor mounted on the engine. The compressed air is collected in a steel actuator and is designed with a safety valve and drain. The compressed air is used to drive the trailer brake chambers and to operate the auxiliary mechanisms of agricultural machinery.
braking system
Dry disc brakes are used to stop the tractor, mounted on the half-wheel of the rear axle. There are 2 pedals in the cab for separate control of the brakes, they can be connected to the common circuit (when driving on the highway). In addition to the working brakes of the tractor, the pneumatic crane controls the compressed air brake chambers of the trailer.
Electrical part of the tractor
- The electric circuit is 1-wire, the negative terminal of the battery and the negative leads of the consumers are connected to the tractor body. The voltage is 12 V, a lead-acid battery and an alternator are installed on board. On tractors with an electric starter, 6-volt batteries were connected in a common stack in a series circuit.
- wheels and drive
- The rear axle of the tractor is designed with a differential with special automatic or forced locking. The front axle is equipped with a tapered differential. A separate PTO shaft is used to drive the front axle.
- Pneumatic tires size 15.5R38 are installed at the rear (sometimes there are narrow 9.5R42 tires), tires in front of the standard 11.2R20 are used. All wheels have a special tread pattern, which provides increased cross-country ability in the field.
- Tractor dimensions
- Dimensions of MTZ 82 wheel tractor:
length (between the ends of the longitudinal arms of the Hadera) – 3930 mm;
transmission
height (from the floor to the roof of the cabin) – 2470 mm;
base – 2450 mm;
Clearance (minimum under the front axle) – 590 mm;
Turning radius (on the outer wheel with a carpet of 1400 mm) – 4300 mm.
What modifications are there?
On the base of MTZ 82 basic model there are following modifications of the tractor:
MTZ 82.1 with bevel gears in the front axle drive;
MTZ 82.2, differing by application of planetary reduction gears in front axle hubs;
MTZ 82 mk chassis, designed for installation of municipal equipment;
MTZ 82 P, created for machining of rice plantations;
MTZ 82 H modification, designed for long-term operation on slopes up to 8°;
MTZ 82 K modification, allowing to work on steep slopes;
MTZ L 82.2 tractor equipped with a protective cabin cage for work in forestry;
Belarus 820, distinguished by the updated design of the cab and hood.
Features and additional equipment
MTZ 82 tractor allows to perform agricultural work and is used in utilities. An additional ballast, which increases the load on the drive wheels, is installed as a complete set. This restores the normal driving conditions. In the 80s, a set of rubber tracks on the rear wheels and additional rollers were introduced for the tractor. Torque was transmitted through the floors on the rear tires.
- With optional attachments, the tractor could be used as a bulldozer or loader, and an excavator and hydraulic supports could be installed to increase stability during operation. Some tractors were equipped with a side crane to which a pulley was attached. Belt drive is used to drive stationary devices (water pumps or agricultural machinery).
- Control functions
- In winter, it is recommended that the engine be heated with stand-alone heaters or a stream of warm air is added to the engine. Do not allow the diesel engine to idle for more than 15 minutes. Because of the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning, it is strictly forbidden to warm the engine in enclosed spaces. If the next drive will not be used, the wave tax levers are placed in the neutral position.
- If the wave shift is engaged, acceleration to speeds greater than 8 km/h is prohibited (due to the risk of destruction of transmission components). The use of 9th gear is allowed only if the gearbox has an activated overdrive row. The standard tractor cab is designed for the operator only. A second person is only allowed if there is an integrated passenger seat (optional). Towing the machine with the front axle raised is not allowed, because the increased loads destroy the drive pinion of the axle.
- If the unit is operated at low temperatures, arctic diesel fuel is used for refueling. The cooling system is filled with a special liquid with a low freezing point.
- After finishing the layer, the fuel tanks are filled, which reduces the risk of condensation. The manufacturer allows operation of the tractor at altitudes up to 3000 m above sea level to ensure quality engine operation, while the fuel pump performance is reduced. Operation at higher altitudes is not recommended.
Necessary maintenance
The system requires scheduled maintenance of the tractor after 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 hours of operation. In addition, the machine is checked before and after the end of the working layer. The list of works is given in the technical documentation, which is issued when working with the tractor. To increase operational safety, seasonal maintenance is carried out, during which the lubricating fluids in the engine and gearboxes are replaced.
- Main irregularities
- Tractor malfunctions are associated with difficult starting or malfunctioning engine due to clogged filter, worn out parts or external contamination in the fuel. Damage to the radiator and piping leads to a broken coolant circuit and overheating of the diesel engine. The tractor is equipped with a clutch that requires adjustment of pedal play and setting the position of the release levers. The use of these devices causes wear of the gears in the gears, resulting in increased noise in the plant.
- 40960 engine hours. Heavy-duty tractors require specific maintenance, seasonal routine work.
- The tractor consumes diesel fuel as fuel, the fuel brand should be chosen according to climatic conditions. In summer period it is recommended to use Sae-30, Sae-40, Sae-50 and Sae-20 engine oil. Mult i-area or 140 SAE in summer, 90 SAE in winter is used in the transmission.
- Large disruptions, repairs
- Among the many advantages of the MTZ-82 are reliability, trouble-free operation and ease of maintenance. Availability of spare parts and consumables, as well as high repairability significantly reduce unproductive downtime of the equipment.
- Like all devices, MTZ-82 tractors in the process of operation are subject to a certain technical wear and tear, which is quite natural. Proper care, timely maintenance can repeatedly extend the life of the device, because most of the violations and failures occur due to improper maintenance.
- The most common failures are associated with improper operation of the engine, gearbox, differential, rear diverter, steering and the main tractor systems – brake, hydraulic, pneumatic. In the instruction manual, the manufacturer describes in detail the causes of errors and gives practical recommendations for correcting the problems that have arisen.
Video consulting on operation
Tractor Belarus MT Z-82 – overview
Chassis of Belarus’ MTZ-82.1 tractor
Control Functions
Owners reviews
Nikolay:
“In my opinion, all MTZ tractors are great machines. They have been in operation for so many years that they were able not only to maintain production, but also to reach the modern level, not worse than the imported celebrities. As for Belarus 82, it is a universal helper in general – both on a small plot and on a large field it works efficiently and unpretentiously. Advantages – good technical properties, excellent terrain, helps on heavy floors, good traction with any attachment. “
Igor:
After finishing the layer, the fuel tanks are filled, which reduces the risk of condensation. The manufacturer allows operation of the tractor at altitudes up to 3000 m above sea level in order to ensure quality engine operation, while the fuel pump performance is reduced. Operation at higher altitudes is not recommended.
Necessary maintenance
The system requires scheduled maintenance of the tractor after 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 hours of operation. In addition, the machine is checked before and after the end of the working layer. The list of works is given in the technical documentation, which is issued when working with the tractor. To increase operational safety, seasonal maintenance is carried out, during which the lubricating fluids in the engine and gearboxes are replaced.
Main irregularities
