KAMAZ 54112 truck tractor
Until recently, the Kamaz – Kamaz – Kapter KAMAZ was produced in large quantities and was very popular in Russia. The first samples of this equipment with the wheel arrangement of six of four were introduced in 1981. The model had to carry various loads on roads equipped for vehicles with an axle load of up to 10 cars. Subsequently, the vehicle has undergone several notable changes in design, but gradually newer models displaced it from the market. However, the design of the Kamaz 54112 chassis was based on them. Production of the model ended in 2002. Its successor was the Kamaz 54115.
The ancestor of the family of these trucks was a modification of the Kamaz 5410. The design of the truck was made by the Likhachev plant specialists. Kamaz 54112 family originally included two tractors, which could operate with 16- and 20-ton semi-trailers and flatbed wagons.
In the early 1960s, the concept of the new vehicle was finally formed. The developers decided to use an axle configuration and a powerful diesel engine. The project was approved by experts and was considered important for the creation of a whole family of heavy vehicles.
The premiere took place at a closed exhibition of VDNKh. Immediately three prototypes of future model were shown. Kamaz automobile plant began mass production of the Kamaz 54112 in 1980. Truck tractor received an extended cabin, spare wheels and enlarged fuel tank. Kamaz 54112 version differed from the basic model KAMAZ 5410 only by a few elements. Externally, this is reflected in a different location of units behind the cab.
In the late 90’s, the model received several design changes that increased its capacity. The latest versions of Kamaz 54112 met the advanced needs of its time. In addition, they did not meet the environmental class “Euro-3”, which was one of the reasons for their withdrawal from production.
Kamaz 54112 was actively used by many industrial enterprises and urban services. Also the model was widely used in the armed forces.
purpose and modernization
KAMAZ 54112 according to the idea of its creators was intended for the transportation of a variety of goods along the tracks, equipped for vehicles with an axle not more than 10 tons. Over time, the truck has felt very noticeable design changes, but in the end it was still replaced by new models from the market. But to be fair, we should note that all KAMAZ novelties are based on the 54112.
KAMAZ 54112 found its active use as in various industrial plants and enterprises, and in various urban services, and even in the ranks of the armed forces. As the practice has shown, the vehicle has proven itself even in harsh climatic conditions and in the tropical zone.
Technical characteristics
Weight parameters and loads, a/m
| Weights-A/m, kg. | 7400 |
| Load on front axle, kg | 3780 |
| Rear axle load, kg | 3620 |
| MTP load, kg | 12000 |
| Gross weight, kg | 19550 |
| S.W.L. from the vehicle, kg | 20100 |
| Gross weight, kg | 19550 |
| Load on front axle, kg | 4580 |
| Rear axle load, kg | 14970 |
| Gross weight of semi-trailer, kg | 26850 |
| Gross street weight, kg | 34400 |
| model | 740.31 240 (Euro 2) | |
| Type | Diesel with turbocharger with medium-cooled charge air | |
| Rated power, network, kW (hp) / crankshaft speed, rpm | 165 (225) (2200) |
| Rated power, gross power, kW (LP) / crankshaft rpm | 176 (240) 2200 |
| Maximum torque, net, Nm (KGSM) / at crankshaft speed, rpm | 912 (93) 1100-1500 |
| Location and number of cylinders | V-shaped, 8 |
| Working volume, L | 10.85 |
| Cylinder diameter and stroke, mm | 120/120 |
| compression ratio | 16.5 |
| Fuel capacity, l | 350 |
| Tension, C | 24 |
| Accumulators, v/n | 2×12/190 |
| Generator, V/W | 28/2000 |
| Type | Friction, dry, double-disc |
| Drive unit | Hydraulics with pneumatic capacity |
| Type | Mechanical, ten-award |
| control | Mechanical, remote |
| Equipment in programs | 1-7.8 2-6.38 / 2-4.0 3-3.29 / 3-5 0-2.04 / 4-1.5 3-1.25 / 5-1.00.815 / 3 x-7.3 8-6.02 |
| Sender | 5.43 |
| Drive unit | pneumatic | |
| Troma registration diameter, mm | 400 | |
| Brake pad width, mm | 140 | |
| Total brake pad area, sq.m. See | 6300 | |
| Bicycle type | disc |
| Tire type | Pneumatic, cam |
| Tire size | 7.5-20 (190-508) |
| Tire size | 10.00 R20 (280 R508) |
| Type | Front, over the engine, with high roof |
| version | With sleeper |
The characteristics of the vehicle with a gross weight of 34,400 kg:
| Maximal speed, not less, km/h | 90 |
| Overcoming angle. hill, not less, % | 18 |
| Turning radius of outward curve, m | 9 |
engine
KAMAZ 54112 is equipped with a V-shaped diesel engine KAMAZ 7403.10-260 of domestic production, which has been previously tested on other models. This unit is turbocharged and has medium-cooled charge air. At 2,600 rpm, the rated power of 191 is “horses”. KAMAZ 7403.10-260 power unit meets environmental requirements of Euro-2 standard. Other characteristics of the unit:
- Working volume – 10.85 liters;
- Maximum torque – 785 Nm;
- Number of cylinders – 8;
- Compression Ratio – 16.5;
- Cylinder diameter – 120 mm.
Some modifications of the Kamaz 54112 are equipped with a diesel engine Kamaz 740.51-240, which meets Euro-2 standards. Power of this engine is 240 hp.
Fuel Consumption
Fuel consumption on the street for the Kamaz 54112 model is 34 l/100 km at speeds of 60 km/h, and 46.1 l/100 km at speeds of 80 km/h. Without additional charging the fuel consumption is reduced to 25-27 l/100 km. The fuel tank has a large capacity (250 liters).
The device
KAMAZ 54112 got a semi-automatic fifth wheel with two degrees of freedom and modified brakes of semitrailers, made by a combined scheme. The model received additional oil and fuel tanks. The trucks were equipped with a 10-speed manual transmission of increased reliability.
The cabin is located above the engine. It has a high roof and a large interior. In addition, a berth is installed, which allows to carry out cargo transportation on large routes. Already in basic version, a spacious cabin with three seats is offered. Thus, with the help of Kamaz 54112 model it is possible to solve various tasks. Even a tall driver is comfortable to work in the cabin. Thanks to the heating and special soundproofing, the working conditions in the cabin are always acceptable. Additional comfort is provided by the suspension with hydraulic shock absorber.
To facilitate steering, the designers who created the car used hydraulic power steering, pneumatic control of the divider in the gearbox and pneumatic booster in the clutch actuator. This made steering much easier. The divider that appeared in the transmission was the equivalent of an additional 2-speed transmission. It is installed between the main transmission and clutch. This solution allowed to increase the number of gears in the gearbox.
Currently there are many truck models on the market that are considered more advanced. However, even now KAMAZ 54112 does not abandon its owners and qualitatively performs “rough” work.
Already in the early modifications of the model were used advanced technical solutions: a braking system that meets international requirements, multi-stage gearbox, layout with tilting cab.
Kamsky automobile plant offered several versions of KAMAZ 54112. The truck was available in tropical version, HL version (for operation in cold temperatures up to 50 degrees) and version for work with special trailers.
cabin
The driver’s cab is located above the engine. It has a sufficiently high roof and a large internal volume. The number of seats is three. The seat’s position allows even a very tall person to comfortably operate the truck. Sound insulation of the cab is very good, and a heater allows to be comfortably inside the truck even in bad frosts. In addition, the comfort is provided by a special suspension with hydraulic shock absorber.
Driving comfort is additionally ensured by power steering, pneumatic control of the gearbox divider, and pneumatic strengthening of the clutch drive.
By installing a special engine between the gearbox and clutch, which partially corresponds to a two-stage auxiliary gearbox, it is possible to increase the number of stages in the gearbox.
Kamaz 54112. Description, technical and operational characteristics
Forty years have passed since the first tractor KamAZ 54112. Serial production of this model went on the roads of the country in 1980. There were two versions of the truck for transporting semi-trailers weighing 16 and 20 tons.
In the 1990s, the design has been finalized to increase capacity. At that time, KamAZ 54112 was in demand almost in all industries and among the armed forces. The truck meets all requirements of that time and was produced until 2002, when it was removed from production due to non-compliance with environmental standards Euro-3.
car history
The first model came off the assembly line in 1981. The truck had the wheel arrangement 6×4. Over time, the technical characteristics of KAMAZ 54112 have changed slightly, but the competition on the market still ousted the model. KamAZ 54112 served as a base. Series production of the vehicle ended in 2002. The truck was followed by the 54115 model.
Firstborn in the family of trucks of this modification was the model 5410, produced by the Kama Automobile Plant. A.I. Likhachev.
Series 54112 consisted of 2 tractor trucks used for transportation of cargoes with 16 and 20 tons trailers. The family also included a flatbed truck.
At the end of the millennium, the car received significant changes, which mainly affected the design. The capacity of the car was increased. The latest versions of the model technically and externally corresponded to its time.
However, by one of the main criteria the engine did not meet the European standards: the power unit of KAMAZ met the Euro-3 standards. This parameter became one of the main reasons for withdrawing the model from production. The machine was actively used in urban areas, industry and military sector.
The modern market offers to construction companies, trading companies, military and manufacturing companies a lot of trucks with different functionality and purpose.
Despite this, KAMAZ reserves the right to be called a “workhorse”, behind which is reliability, excellent load capacity and high cross-country ability. Early modifications used the latest engineering and technical solutions, including a multistage transmission, a braking system that meets the high requirements of European certification. A tilting cab was also installed.
scheduled meeting
The KAMAZ 54112 KAMAZ Drive Verd is an upgraded version of the KAMAZ 5410, equipped with a diesel engine of higher power, improved frame and clutch device.
KAMAZ 54112 truck tractor
This truck was designed for transportation of cargo on rails with a permissible axle load not more than 10 tons. Production of this model began in 1981 and lasted until 2006, when it was replaced by a new version – the Kamaz 54114, created on the basis of this technique.
The family of Kamaz 54112 originally consisted of two tractors and one flatbed tractor. They were widely used in industry and the armed forces, proving themselves as a reliable and durable trucks that can withstand the toughest operating conditions.
In 1996, the truck was upgraded, and received some changes and additions, resulting in an increase of payload, which led to a slight increase in fuel consumption. Since 2006, this truck is not produced due to non-compliance with Euro-3 environmental requirements.
This is interesting: KAMAZ 5350 technical specifications: engine, transmission and cabin.
description
Maximum speed of the vehicle is 80 km/h (as a part of a road train), which is enough to transport goods over different distances. The driver has time to accelerate to a speedometer reading 60 km/h in 80 seconds. Braking distance is 38.5 meters. Approximate maximum angle – the truck can overcome 18%. Average fuel consumption figures:
- At 60 km/h – 34 l/100 km.
- At 80 km/h – 46.1 l/100 km.
Figures are averages for a specific model of truck in a train. When driving on a level road without a laden trailer fuel consumption is reduced to 25-27 liters per hour. The tractor is equipped with a fuel tank of 250 liters.
The basis of the vehicle is a frame, assembled from steel parts on rivets. It is elongated – with a variable cross-section. A rigid towing device is installed on the rear cross-bar. The device is designed to transport a faulty tractor over short distances. It is not recommended to use the device for permanent moving of trailers. The machine is used in a variety of applications; The maximum weight of the trailer must not exceed 25 tons.
These properties of Kamaz 54112 provide reliable operation of all units and assemblies in conditions with severe frosts and high temperatures: from t-40 ° C to 40 ° C. Due to this quality, the machine can be used in different regions of the country and abroad.
The engine does not stop in places with high art of lamination – the machine can overcome passports up to 3000 meters. There are several versions of the model: to work at low temperatures, to work in hot regions and with specialized followers.
Design features
KAMAZ 54112 is assembled on a frame, which is “crumpled” with stamped steel parts with variable stroke economy. At the rear of the frame there is a rigid towing device to evacuate the faulty tractor. It is forbidden to carry it with you.
Compared with the base model 5410, the suspension has been strengthened: the springs have been added four sheets, the rear suspension has reaction rods, and a rep-cord stabilizer is installed, which reduces the roles in the corners. The braking system was redesigned. It features a powerful air compressor, a compressed air cooler, and a two-piece control group regulator.
Above the engine there is a high and spacious three-sided sleeping bag equipped with a special suspension with hydraulic shock absorber. The sleeper allows you to carry loads without resting. On customer’s request, it is possible to deliver without sleeping compartment.
The cabin is well isolated from the noise by multilayer material, which is hidden under the upholstery. There is effective liquid heating, which interacts with the cooling system. The driver’s work is facilitated by hydraulic power steering.
The truck is equipped with a reliable multistage and semi-automatic fifth wheel for towing all semi-trucks up to 25 tons, which with pneumatic actuator connects brake system, lights and parking lights for 24 volt. There are additional tanks for fuel and lubricants.
Even today, when the model is discontinued, Kamaz 54112 is actively used with Semi trailer, despite the emergence of new promising models of domestic and foreign manufacturers. On the streets you can also meet the “XL” modification, designed to operate in 50-degree frosts and a tropical version of this tractor.
Engine
The tractor is equipped with a V-engine, which runs on diesel fuel. The engine is made in Russia and is used to equip other KAMAZ models.
The electric unit is turbocharged, and the engine meets the Euro-2 environmental standard. Other characteristics of the machine are as follows:
- Number of cylinders 8.
- The working volume is 10.85 liters.
- Cylinder diameter is 120 mm.
Directly to the version of the model, the car can have a diesel unit with a capacity of 240 hp. С.
engine
KAMAZ 54112 is equipped with a V-shaped diesel engine KAMAZ 7403.10-260 of domestic production, which has been previously tested on other models. This unit is turbocharged and has medium-cooled charge air. At 2,600 rpm, the rated power of 191 is “horses”. KAMAZ 7403.10-260 power unit meets environmental requirements of Euro-2 standard. Other characteristics of the unit:
- Working volume – 10.85 liters;
- Maximum torque – 785 Nm;
- Number of cylinders – 8;
- Compression Ratio – 16.5;
- Cylinder diameter – 120 mm.
Some modifications of the Kamaz 54112 are equipped with a diesel engine Kamaz 740.51-240, which meets Euro-2 standards. Power of this engine is 240 hp.
This is interesting: KAMAZ 5490 – technical characteristics of the truck.
The cabin and the driver’s workplace
The cabin is characterized by an impressive amount of free space, a high roof. The design is located above the engine. An additional option can be a sleeping place, which gives the possibility to transport various loads over long distances.
Space, controls at an arm’s length, three seats – all this contributes to a comfortable working time for the crew. It is distinguished by noise insulation and availability of heating, which positively affects the level of comfort. Hydraulic suspension is responsible for softness and comfort.
Defects .
Since the equipment has not been new for a long time, this model often has various malfunctions. The main problem, which is mentioned by almost all owners, is an oil leak. And the replacement of gaskets solves this problem only temporarily. Also some assemblies are often out of order as well. But it happens because their service life is already exhausted. This also includes metal fatigue. Cracks can form in the tractor frame at the maximum load. Besides, there are copies with distorted geometry of the frame. In many respects it is connected with frequent exploitation with overloading.
Even by modern standards, the level of comfort in the cab is very low. You can feel the vibrations in the cab quite loud when working.
In addition, the pneumatic system of the vehicle is very troublesome. For this reason, many connections are no longer airtight, and the pressure in the system must be constantly maintained. Often, oil from the compressor gets into the system circuits, which over time destroys the new rubber seals, which in turn leads to depressurization.
Some owners notice various malfunctions related to electrical appliances. Mainly they are caused by dry insulation of wiring, but it also happens, that the devices themselves fail.
Hydraulic power steering wheel
The most interesting thing about the Kamaz 54112 is the technical characteristics, payload, engine. However, there are no less important parameters that make it easier to drive the car.
Thus, the company’s engineers have introduced a hydraulic steering wheel, pneumatic booster in the clutch drive, as well as pneumatic control of the divider. The efforts of the engineers have been appreciated by drivers, for whom trucks have become much more comfortable and easier.
The device
KAMAZ 54112 got a semi-automatic fifth wheel with two degrees of freedom and modified brakes of semitrailers, made by a combined scheme. The model received additional oil and fuel tanks. The trucks were equipped with a 10-speed manual transmission of increased reliability.
The cabin is located above the engine. It has a high roof and a large interior. In addition, a berth is installed, which allows to carry out cargo transportation on large routes. Already in basic version, a spacious cabin with three seats is offered. Thus, with the help of Kamaz 54112 model it is possible to solve various tasks. Even a tall driver is comfortable to work in the cabin. Thanks to the heating and special soundproofing, the working conditions in the cabin are always acceptable. Additional comfort is provided by the suspension with hydraulic shock absorber.
To facilitate steering, the designers who created the car used hydraulic power steering, pneumatic control of the divider in the gearbox and pneumatic booster in the clutch actuator. This made steering much easier. The divider that appeared in the transmission was the equivalent of an additional 2-speed transmission. It is installed between the main transmission and clutch. This solution allowed to increase the number of gears in the gearbox.
Currently there are many truck models on the market that are considered more advanced. However, even now KAMAZ 54112 does not abandon its owners and qualitatively performs “rough” work.
Already in the early modifications of the model were used advanced technical solutions: a braking system that meets international requirements, multi-stage gearbox, layout with tilting cab.
Kamsky automobile plant offered several versions of KAMAZ 54112. The truck was available in tropical version, HL version (for operation in cold temperatures up to 50 degrees) and version for work with special trailers.
cabin
The driver’s cab is located above the engine. It has a sufficiently high roof and a large internal volume. The number of seats is three. The seat’s position allows even a very tall person to comfortably operate the truck. Sound insulation of the cab is very good, and a heater allows to be comfortably inside the truck even in bad frosts. In addition, the comfort is provided by a special suspension with hydraulic shock absorber.
Driving comfort is additionally ensured by power steering, pneumatic control of the gearbox divider, and pneumatic strengthening of the clutch drive.
By installing a special engine between the gearbox and clutch, which partially corresponds to a two-stage auxiliary gearbox, it is possible to increase the number of stages in the gearbox.
Table: Technical Specifications of the Kamaz 54112
Fuel Consumption
A loaded Kamaz 54112 tractor with a fifth wheel trailer consumes 46.1 liters per 100 km at a speed of 80 km/h, and 34 liters at 60 km/h. An empty vehicle consumes 25-27 liters. The tank volume is 250 liters.
- Length – 6.22 m;
- Width – 2.50 m;
- Height – 3,15 m;
- Wheelbase – 4.160 m;
- Venderadius – 8.00 m.
The truck accelerates up to 60 km/h in 80 seconds, the maximum speed of the truck is 80 km/h and the braking distance is 38,5 m.
