Kamaz-5320.
Kamaz-5320 is one of the first representatives of Kamaz Plant. Massive flatbed tractor is used to work with GKB-8385 trailer components. Its purpose is to carry out transportation processes in construction industry and almost in all areas of industrial and economic activities.
Production of KAMAZ-5320 was launched in 1968. Kamsky automakers for a long time did not dare to refine the model. Minor cosmetic changes on the truck occurred only in 2000.
When considering the technical parameters of the vehicle, it is clear that the Kamaz-5320 is ideal for long and short distances cargo transportation. The truck feels equally confident both on city roads and overland routes. The truck is adapted to Russian conditions and easy to start even in severe frosts.
The model was exported to 40 countries and is very popular not only on the domestic market, although originally it was designed specifically for local consumers.
Kamaz-5320 is a platform truck, which is often used as a street truck to transport various loads. The vehicle is also known for the fact that many models were built on its basis for the transportation of medium-heavy loads.
Among them:
- Model 4325 base plane;
- Truck 53212;
- Railroad locomotive 5401;
- Extended hauler 5325;
- Muldenkipper 551.
Specifications
Overall dimensions of KAMA Z-5320 (length – 7435 mm, height – 3350 mm, width – 2500 mm) allow to transport quite massive cargoes. The truck can operate with a load of 8000 kg (45% on front axle, 55% – on rear axle) and with an additional trailer 8000 kg. Wheelbase of the truck is 3190 mm, and the minimum Venderadius is 9300 mm.
Weight of the tractor itself is 7080 kg. Maximum payload and trailer increase this number to 26,500 kg. Angle of elevation of the vehicle is 30%.
The run-up of the truck from 50 km/h is 700 m, and the braking distance at 60 km/h is 36.7 m. The maximum speed of the vehicle is 80 km/h.
engine
The engine of the Kamaz-5320 is a 4-stroke diesel of the Kamaz-740.10 model in 8-cylinder design. The engine has a V-shaped cylinder arrangement and closed-type nozzles. Power unit includes all-mode speed regulator, dry air filter with contamination indicator and replaceable filter element, fuel injection clutch and electrophonard device (EDF). As an option the device is completed with a preheater PJD-30.
Engine features:
- Working volume – 10.85 liters;
- Nominal power – 154 (210) kW (PS);
- Maximum torque – 637 Nm;
- Speed – 2600 rpm.
- Cylinder diameter – 120 mm.
Fuel consumption
Thanks to several upgrades, fuel consumption in the Kamaz-5320 has been significantly reduced. This allowed the domestic model to compete with foreign facilities on the same terms. It is the economical fuel conversion that made the truck so popular in the domestic market. Average fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is about 34 liters.
The tractor is equipped with two types of fuel tanks: 250 and 175 liters. Thanks to this, the vehicle can overcome significant routes without depreciation.
transmission
It represents the presence of a multistage system, which consists of a 2-speed divider and a 5-speed gearbox. This system allows for additional forward and reverse passes in addition to the standard ones. Don’t forget to install a synchromesh.
The KAMAZ 5320 transmission has a 2-disc clutch, which does not lose its glory. This device works like a friction clutch and can be engaged by a hydro-pneumatic booster. It is controlled by peripheral springs.
The mileage of the truck from 50 km/h is 700 meters and the braking distance from 60 km/h is 36.7 meters. Technical maintenance of KAMAZ 5320 vehicles is recommended after every 100 km run.
Maintenance after 8,000 kilometers. Maintenance of the machine includes the presence of diagnostics of mechanical and electrical services, fixing work and lubrication of mechanical joints.
suspension
The front suspension has leaf springs (semi-elliptic, where there are sliding rear ends). The springs work in conjunction with dual-mode hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers.
The rear-mounted suspension is of the compensating type. There are also semi-elliptic leaf springs, sliding front and rear ends. The leaf springs have a T-section.
steering
Steering of such a truck is carried out by means of a hydraulic booster, which is combined with the steering device.
Brake system
A special device is used to regulate the speed of the KAMAZ-5320 and its effective stopping. Each of the 6 wheels of the truck is equipped with braking devices, which work by means of a pneumatic actuator mechanism. The dual-circuit device allows the driver to switch the rear axle to a powerful position, while the bogie mounted at the rear is started separately.
Together with the park model brake, a replacement brake was also combined, which is an air-driven motor retarder. The trailer was equipped with a combined brake drive function. The brake system is in the form of drums. Steering is by means of a mechanism, which is a screw with a mother and a rack and pinion piston.
Technical Data
| Weight parameters and loads | |
| The empty mass of the vehicle, kg. | 6220 |
| Front axle, kg. | 3210 |
| Carrying capacity of the vehicle, kg. | 8860 |
| GVW, kg. | 15305 |
| Front axle, kg. | 4375 |
| Rear axle load, kg. | 10930 |
| engine | |
| model | 740.11-240 |
| Type | Diesel, turbocharged |
| Rated power, gross kW (PS) | 176 (240) |
| – Crankshaft rpm, rpm | 2200 |
| Max. torque, nm (KGSM) | 834 (85) |
| – At crank speed, rpm | 1200-1400 |
| Location and number of cylinders | V-shaped, 8 |
| Working volume, l | 10.85 |
| Cylinder diameter and stroke, mm | 120/120 |
| compression ratio | 16 |
| Power System | |
| Fuel tank capacity, l. | 250 |
| Electrical equipment | |
| Voltage, V | 24 |
| Batteries, vol./h. | 2Ñ…12/190 |
| Alternator, w/w hour | 28/1000 |
| coupling | |
| Type | Friction clutch, dry, two slits |
| Drive unit | Hydraulic with pneumatic booster |
| Diameter of lining, mm. | 350 |
| transmission | |
| Type | Mechanical, 10-speed |
| control | Mechanical, remote-controlled |
| Distributive gear | |
| Type | Mechanical, 2-speed with lockable center differential |
| control | Pneumatic |
| Brake | |
| Drive unit | pneumatic |
| Dimensions: | |
| Troma registration diameter, mm | 400 |
| Brake pad width, mm | 140 |
| Total area of the brake pad, sq.m. See | 6300 |
| Wheels and tires | |
| Bicycle type | Bicycle |
| Tire type | Pneumatic, chamber |
| Tire size | 9.00R20 (260R508) |
| cab | |
| Type | Front, over the engine, 3-seater |
| version | without sleeper |
| Specifications of the vehicle with gross weight 15305 kg | |
| Maximal speed, km/h | 90 |
| Maximum angle of gradient of slope, which the vehicle can drive with a gross weight, % | 30 |
| Outer radius of turn of the vehicle, m | 9,3 |
| Additional equipment | |
| engine preheating, safety belts, fog lamps. | |
device
Each of the 6 wheels of Kamaz-5320 is equipped with brakes for effective braking. The braking system itself operates on a pneumatic actuating device with a 2-circuit structure. It is able to actuate the rear and front axles of the vehicle independently of each other. The driver controls the actuator by means of a foot lever, which is mechanically connected to the brake valve.
Appearance
What does the KAMAZ-5320 look like? It is a tractor, which can work in pair with the GKB prop. Carrying capacity is more than decent – 8 tons, but you can grab another “eight” in a towable trailer. The KAMAZ 5320 body is a metal platform with side pages that open along with the rear pages.
This makes it possible to offer more convenient loading and unloading of cargo on each of the three sides. The floor is made of durable wood. A storm guard can be installed if necessary.
The appearance of the Kamsky plant car is quite recognizable, as it can be often seen on different streets to this day. Although it is worth admitting that the cabin is frankly outdated and needs a new upgrade or better yet a new design.
Curb weight of the model 5320 is slightly more than 7 tons, and the trailer weighs 3.5 tons. If fully loaded on the street, its total mass can reach 26.5 tons. Now let’s look at the dimensions.
The length of Kamaz-5320 is 7.43 meters with a width of 2.5 meters. Height of the truck is 3350 mm, and the wheelbase is 3190 plus 1320 mm.
cabin
The cabin of the Soviet truck was designed for three seats. But there was no separate room to “sleep”. Nevertheless, the cabin of KAMAZ for a long time was considered a standard of comfort on the street under the trucks of that time.
And what other trucks could boast excellent noise and heat insulation, places for fastening seat belts, and a driver’s seat adjusting to the weight of the driver. In addition, the chassis was part of the overwhelming guy.
Of course, it was not without its disadvantages: the steering wheel and a little bit unpleasant location of the gearbox. However, you get used to everything so that you can always close your eyes to these shortcomings of KAMAZ. The cabin has all the necessary instrumentation and indicators, with which the driver can read information about the state of the machine.
The dashboard has a signal system with excellent visibility of scales and switches. If you compare it with other similar trucks, the 5320 has taken a self-sufficient first place for the safety of the driver and passengers who sit next to him.
The 5320 is also notable for having a two-shot gauge, a switch for adjusting the platform position, and an electronic speed sensor for the drive train.
But there are still many flaws in the interior of the car “Kama”. The interior looks in Spartan style. The front glass (windshield) is divided into two parts. Pedals are not the most comfortable, which can cause fatigue on long trips. For the time when Kamaz trucks were still produced, the interior was one of the best and most comfortable.
The frame of Kamaz-5320 is of wooden type with riveted joints. It consists of two parallel girder clamps, which are connected with 7 cross beams.
Carbon steel is used as a material for construction elements.
The front parts of the supporting scaffolding have an inclined design for suspension. Tow hooks are also attached to them. The front buffer is bolted to the beam.
Use of KAMAZ vehicles in army units
Since the start of production, KAMAZ vehicles were also supplied to the armed forces of the Ukrainian SSR.
The baptism of fire of these trucks took place in OKSVA during combat operations in Afghanistan, where they won the reputation of reliable and powerful vehicles, even when working in high altitude conditions.
The main differences between the military modification of KAMAZ from civilian line were: reinforced design, modified bumper and obligatory presence of tire pressure control system. There were other differences, not so significant. The scope of use of machines in the army was quite wide:
- vehicle for transportation of loose goods and personnel;
- use as a platform for the installation of various radio devices: KSHM, command launch control point and mobile stations to perform other tasks;
- armored vehicles for transporting people in the operational area, this type of vehicle was not produced serially, the armor was hinged on the base model;
- convoy escort vehicles, and 23-3 were armed with “cannon cars”.
It is worth telling a little more about “gun cars”, these vehicles originally had the task of convoying convoys in the mountains of Afghanistan. In the back of the car was installed an aviation gun ZPU-4 or ZU-23-2.
These systems had the ability to conduct all-round fire, had an anti-aircraft height and powerful ammunition, grenades and balls could reach the enemy at a great distance and height. This allowed them to deal effectively with resistance in the street.
The armor of such vehicles was often handmade and consisted of covering the doors of the cab with body armor, less often they were clad in metal.
The unit itself was covered with the doors of infantry fighting vehicles or other improvised means, whose task was to protect the unit’s calculation, even if only minimally. After that, production of such auxiliary items was discontinued.
The Ural and KamAZ armored trucks, which appeared during the Caucasus wars and were nicknamed “Pokemon,” are also hand-me-downs, and there are virtually no such vehicles in production. Although their high efficiency is well proven at the company.
Kamaz-5320. Description of the vehicle, technical and operational properties
Production of KAMAZ-5320 began in 1978 and lasted until 2000. During this time, the truck practically has not undergone any changes, because, in the opinion of its creators, it perfectly fulfilled its functions. By design, KAMAZ-5320 is a three-link frame on flatbed trucks with leading rear axles (wheel configuration 6×4). The truck was used as a prime mover to transport various loads over medium and long distances. Mostly it worked on a semi-trailer GKB-8385. The model was so successful that was exported to more than 40 countries. In addition to the basic modification of Kamaz-5320, it was made in tropical version. Also there were tanks installed on the chassis, and it was used as a car-truck.
Despite the fact that the vehicle was designed to carry people’s goods, the designers did not take care of the availability of sleeping space, which looks strange, given the purpose of the truck. The cab has three seats, the driver has several adjustments, and there are belts. The dashboard is made of metal, it has a laconic style, but provides a sufficient amount of information necessary for safe driving. All equipment is located in close proximity to the driver, the windshield and large mirrors provide a good overview. The driver’s work is facilitated by the hydraulic power steering (HP steering). The cabin is equipped with an independent heater and fan, as well as the cab has noise insulation.
Due to the cessation of production in 2000, it is impossible to buy a new Kamaz-5320. The cost of a used vehicle depends on the year of manufacture, technical condition and year of manufacture. On average, the used tractor is sold at a price of 180,000-550,000 rubles.
Description of the vehicle, technical and operational characteristics
Overall dimensions and payload of the KAMAZ-5320
- The length of the chassis: 3,435 millimeters;
- Width of the vehicle without mirrors: 2,500 mm;
- height of the vehicle: 3 350;
- Minimum turning radius: 9.3 meters;
- Curb weight of tractor: 7,080 kg;
- Payload: 8 tons;
- Total weight: 15 100 kg;
- Weight of tractor in a road train: 26.8 tons;
- Maximum traverse overcoming distance: 30 0;
- Braking distance at speed 60/hr: 36 seconds;
- Cruising speed: 80 km/h.
Powertrain and fuel consumption of KAMAZ-5320
The main part of KAMAZ-5320 trucks is equipped with KAMAZ-740.10 diesel engine. This power unit with V-shaped cylinders has a displacement of 10.86 L and nominal power of 210 hp. The engine is equipped with an automatic speed regulator AL L-Tterrible and dry air filter with clogging indicator. The basic version is equipped with a PCF-30 preheater. All-powerful and uninterrupted operation of the engine is provided by a fuel clamp and EFC (electro-flare device). An undoubted innovation for that time was the installation of a nitrided crankshaft and oil filter system with a centrifuge. By environmental parameters Kamaz-740.10 meets Euro-1 standard.
Also some modifications are equipped with 180 hp diesel engine, which has similar characteristics to the main power plant.
Considering that the vehicle was used as a tractor, the fuel consumption can be called quite low. When using public roads, KAMAZ-5320 consumes on average 34.4 liters of fuel. The truck is equipped with fuel tanks of 250 and 175 liters.
Transmission KAMAZ-5320
The truck is equipped with a ten-speed mechanical gearbox M15, which consists of a two-speed gearbox and five-speed gearbox. Slave and intermediate shafts with gears and synchronizers are installed in a common crankcase. The rear speed engagement mechanism is made as a separate unit. Swimming of the car is carried out remotely by means of a swivel lever. The box has a combined lubrication system. All main parts are lubricated with sprays, additionally the gears will be lubricated from the oil lawn. The gearbox M15 is reliable, easy to operate and with proper care can do without repair for a long time.
Interaction between the engine and the transmission of the tractor KAMAZ-5320 takes place by means of a dry double-disc friction clutch with a peripheral arrangement of compression springs. Locking-clearance: Transmission is equipped with clutch pedals, which are equipped with pneumatic hydrogen power unit pedals.
The truck’s electrical circuits and equipment are powered by two powerful 12-volt batteries with a total capacity of 380 Ah. Voltage in the network is 24 volts, so the truck is equipped with a voltage regulator. Also the truck is equipped with a two-kilowatt alternator, working by the wire KAMAZ-5320 scheme. Read the wiring diagram here:
KAMAZ-5320 tractor’s braking system and suspension
KAMAZ-5320 is equipped with four independent braking systems: main, reserve, parking and auxiliary. The main brakes are of drum type with a drum diameter of 400 millimeters and width of 140 mm. Thus, the total area u200bu200bt of the shoes is 6,300 cm3. The parking brake is mounted on the truck from spring energy accumulators with pneumatic actuator.
Suspension of the truck has a standard design for KAMAZ trucks produced in 70-90s of the last century. The front suspension is made on two semi-elliptic leaf springs with sliding rods. The springs work together with hydraulic shock absorbers. The rear suspension has a similar design, reinforced by the use of additional smaller springs.
You can see the detailed technical characteristics of the KAMAZ-5320 flatbed tractor:
A video review of the KAMAZ-5320 flatbed tractor on YouTube
Review and test drive of KAMAZ-5320:
Starting a KAMAZ-5320 cold engine:
A restored and rebuilt KAMAZ-5320:
What they write on forums: reviews of owners and drivers about the KAMAZ-5320 truck
Sergey Odintsov, 57, Smolensk region:
I am engaged in trucking for about twenty years, my first car was KAMAZ-5320. I can’t say that I have still pleasant memories from this truck: the truck was more like a puzzle – one day driving, one day troubleshooting, one day repairing. The worst thing was with the main pipes – they were constantly leaking, all the time I had to either repair or replace them. According to a neighbor, my Kamaz Tek was like a wounded boar. About comfort in the cabin also can not talk: indicators and buttons are scattered around the panel in random, although the visibility is good. Of pleasant memories only the stable operation of the heater.
