How can you prepare a firewood correctly? Part II: Principles of storing and storing wood

Storage of firewood

Why is it necessary to equip a place where it is planned to store fuel for stoves, fireplaces and bathrooms

It is difficult to imagine, a private house or a summer house in which no firewood is used. They are needed for a fireplace, bathrooms, barbecue and grill. Or only for evening meetings with a guitar on the fire. Therefore, problems of the right selection, harvesting and storing firewood are very interesting for many people. This article shows the answers to you. This problem can be considered rhetorical. But sometimes it occurs with some negligent owners who consider such work as a waste of time. This opinion is incorrect. Let us find out why.

1. First due to water logs. Atmospheric precipitation and humidity that are inherent in the ground start the appearance of a pathogenic microflora.

Firewood is affected by mold and mushroom, catching off, transforming into dust. A similar “fuel” clogged. Your stove (stove, fireplace, fire) begins to smoke mercilessly. It is impossible to design a house, to cook food on the grill, grill or stove, impossible in a similar situation.

1. For advanced summer residents and owners of private residential buildings, we find that the heat of such tree trunks falls.

Remember the basics of physics. When burning firewood, a certain heat volume is released, the value of which depends directly on the wooden rock, the degree of humidity. The larger the moisture, the lower the heat output. A significant part of the heat is used up in the evaporation of moisture, with a lot of thermal energy going. Accordingly, efficiency is reduced and the price for heating the house rises quickly. As well as the consumption of firewood, which are required to prepare products on open fire.

1. The third reason is the topic of aesthetic nature.

The appearance of the personal (summer house) area is significantly worsened when several different breasts of saws and tired tree trunks appear in the fight with a garden tok on the street. In order not to spoil the carefully shaped landscape design, it is very desirable to choose the right place for storing firewood on the website and creating the necessary conditions for this.

Forests from which breeds should be preferred

If you approach factual provision, the harvest of firewood begins to participate from November to February. This is the optimal time for the purchase of wood. In addition, the winter forest has a minimal natural humidity. Such a forest dries on the street to the acceptable humidity in six months. Purchase have been determined over time. Now you have to understand what exactly should be bought. To answer this question, you should take into account why firewood is used. Each wooden breed has its own advantages and disadvantages, different heat capacity, combustion rate and heat transmission degree (this is influenced by its humidity and density). The higher the latter, the longer the protocol burns and gives more heat. Usually firewood is offered for sale by the following species:

• Needle (spruce, pine, larch);
• Laub (alder, Aspen, Birch) races.

Coniferous firewood generates intense heat during combustion, but burns out quickly enough. In addition, in these logs, the high content of resins in the process of combustion releases a light, pleasant aroma. Spruce and pine costs have a beneficial effect on the human immune system, teeth the respiratory system. Pine burns a hotter flame. The spruce “shoots” with savings and pieces of coal. This is the best choice for BBQ, grill or grill. However, you can only use them for spinning stoves and fireplaces after careful drying. The firewood used for this must have moisture ≤ 20%. The wood with a large indicator smokes heavily and distinguishes the resin. The latter settles on the inner surfaces of the chimneys. This reduces their passing section and makes cravings worse.

birch

Thanks to its qualities, this material is optimal for every purpose. Birch logs:

• Easy to shine;
• are distinguished by abundant thermal emission;
• the duration of the burn;
• Beautiful open fire play;
• acceptable price;
• Don’t feel and don’t “lose” coals;
• The aroma, which is distinguished in the process of combustion, intentionally affects the state of the human body.

The disadvantages include the high content of tar released during the combustion process. It has a detrimental effect on health and settles in chimney pipes and reduces the thrust of the heating device.

alder

These firewoods are rightly “royal”. They flare up quickly, burn and stably burn with a significant heat release. The process is virtually smokeless. Combustion is accompanied by a pleasant aromatization of the air in the immediate vicinity of the fire roar. It is Olchu who strives to smoke fat, meat and fish.

Along with two top rocks, it is included in the top three best lumberjacks. Due to the high density, it differs in the maximum duration of combustion and high heat. A cake flavor is good for health. The only disadvantage of this blade is the high price.

Very slow and difficult to escape. But after that it burns with a significant heat secretion. Honey aroma treats colds.

aspen

It is difficult to shine, burn out quickly. The only advantage is not smoked. In addition, they can remove the existing carpet from the surface of the stove and chimneys. They are primarily used for this (their heat-intensive ability is minimal).

In which part of the site is it better to organize the storage of logs

Answering the question of where to store the firewood, experts recommend the Southern Side, which is most lit by the sun. This accelerates the removal of moisture from wood, which is compared here to storage. If this direction is not available, the south-west and south-east part of the territory should be evaluated from this position. Now a few words about the terms. In different regions, places for storing wood for the stove are called differently: woodshock, woodwood, wood.

From the point of view of the Russian language, a wooden shed (with an emphasis on “and”) as designed (and named) specifically and exclusively for keeping logs was called a special shed. The word “wood” is absent from existing dictionaries. The Russians put them in their places as follows. The first term was left for denoting the barn, and I use the second for extensions to the building (canopy) where the logs are stored in small amounts. A lumber is called a stand, on which a certain amount of firewood is stored and transferred. Vuoksa wood provides excellent models of such products on the market. Having dealt with the terminology, let’s proceed to examine the essence of the problem.

Vuoksa-Wood Street Woodwood on a suspension

Basic rules for organizing the storage of tree trunks on a personal (suburban) property

The centurie s-old traditions of using firewood have made it possible to develop a number of rules for the storage of firewood in a country house (household property) whose compliance is absolutely necessary to maintain the maximum preservation of tree trunks for a long time (one year) ensure or more). There are few of them, but each is important in their own way. And the maximum efficiency of the storage is only achieved when the entire sentence of these recommendations is implemented at the same time.

Firewood stacked for storage must be protected from rain, snow and direct UV radiation

This is the most important point that the firewood storage must be observed. Snow and rain increase the moisture of outdoor slopes and the sun can dry it out. In 1 case, problems with the ignition, heavy smoke and heat loss occur, which leads to drying the material. Wood burns too quickly in 2, which increases its consumption. If the storage of firewood is organized on the street, you can cover the stack with every available waterproof material: roof material or old linoleum, slate or wake towel. Large pieces of tree bark will get along well with this problem. If there is nothing suitable, it is possible to organize protection with a special masonry of the upper rows of tree trunks (the principle of scales or the brick masonry) in order to ensure the water flow from them to the ground and prevent it from flowing into the folded Stack. Wood must not only be protected from above, but also from below from moisture. Therefore, it is strongly advised to put it directly on the floor. For this purpose, a small podium is made without direct contact of the base wedge with the floor. On a hill, a place is chosen to store firewood, which prevents the formation of puddles, the escaping of floods and rainwater.

They have to be effectively ventilated throughout the entire warehouse.

When fulfilling the first rule, it is important not to overdo it. If the firewood is closed airtight from all sides (e.g. use PE film), it begins to dampen by the capacitor that arises from the temperature difference “before” and “behind”. Therefore, when deciding how to best store firewood, do not forget that the pages should remain open to air circulation and that the notification should be laid with an air gap between the rows.

The shaped stack of wood should be on a fixed surface.

Under the rules for the proper storage of firewood, there is a direct reference to the mandatory presence of a solid foundation. It solves a thre e-day problem:

• eliminates the direct contact of tree trunks with the floor (groundwater does not penetrate the stored wood), which minimizes the probability of a pathogenic microflora;
• Improves chimney ventilation through the formation of vertical air flows (the process accelerates drying);
• absorbs the weight of the stacked firewood and prevents spilling, which contributes to the lon g-term storage of materials.

The base can consist of several boards (tree trunks), which are laid to a height of 150 mm above the surface of the floor.

Firewood must have the necessary stability

A cleanly folded wooden stack guarantees the maintenance of the quality of the firewood during the entire storage period. But there is a restriction. When choosing the storage options for firewood, we must not forget that wood is subject to disappearance during the drying process. The process is uneven outdoors and begins to “lead”. If the required stability of the stacking structure is not guaranteed, the entire stacked firewood can crumble in one, anything but perfect moment and injure a person nearby during this time. To achieve the desired stability, you can professionally lay the firewood and take some technical measures.

Do not store firewood near open flames.

This point of the requirements of how to store firewood is clear to everyone. The smallest spark can not only rob you of the harvested firewood, but also your home. Exceptions are specially equipped niches near ovens and fireplaces, which are specially designed for drying several stacks of firewood.

The storage space must be equipped so that it has reached maximum comfort for placing and collecting firewood

The tree trunk doesn’t care where and how it should be. But a person should make sure that it is comfortable to stack and remove the required amount of firewood in any weather and every season (rain, snow, dark time of day). To do this, it is advisable to choose a place for the firewood as close as possible at the location of the consumption (taking into account the fire protection requirements) in order to ensure unhindered access to the notes (preferably along a fortified path). It is possible to provide the formation of individual cells. In this way you can arrange the firewood in portions and according to moisture degrees. Such a solution saves you the constant selection of the driest notation and prevents wet notes in the oven. It is important to provide the possibility of removing firewood from the first and the following rows. 2 is determined in 5 m 3. For this value you have to add a few cubes for a bathroom, a grill and a fireplace. The optimal height of the wood scales is 2 m. When laying firewood, a freedom for hig h-quality ventilation is left between the top layer of the wooden stack and the ceiling. 3 cubic meters are completely sufficient for a summer residence with a seasonal house. Therefore, it is better to choose option 5.3 here. The advantages of these solutions are the guaranteed exclusion of the log theft (wood is now a rather expensive material) and the possibility of fulfilling all rules for its lon g-term storage.

Fre e-standing stack of wood

Has several solutions. It is also a very convenient way to ensure the safety of firewood in the country or in the garden. In any case, for a separately set up stack of wood, its stability becomes the most important requirement. It is recommended not to stack more than two tribes (in width). When laying it, it is necessary to change the rows and cross rows, the thickness of the tree trunks. The result is a unique decoration. A rigid frame with the final fixation of the structure is required for such storage. Such storage spaces can be arranged along the fence between neighboring trees and act as final terminals. If the storage of harvested firewood is organized on the street, you can decorate the landscape design of the area. If you have time and desire, you can lay it out in the form of a stack or mushroom.

Harvest and storage of wood

The use of wood in the manufacture of furniture and other wooden structures precedes the stages of wood harvesting. This includes preparing the forest area for down cutting, direct cutting, transport and storage. The tree then goes through the stages of sawing, drying and special processing, after which it is shipped to the consumer.

Production stages and woodwork

The production cycle of wood materials consists of interconnected actions for cutting plantings and their processing. The safety of wood during the intermediate stages affects the quality of the final product and the shipping price.

Wood harvest manually:

cut down trees

This phase is carried out directly on charts or cutting boards. It is preceded by the preparatory work, in which the edges of the trunks are marked. Tree marking is only done with compliance with the criteria of the workpiece, including an assessment of age and dimensions.

In preliminary preparations, the cutting surfaces are laying the road by which the fallen trees will be exported, and temporary dwellings for lumberjacks are being built. Buildings are often made of improvised materials – trees of appropriately sized trees. The trunk of a fallen tree is called a whip.

reming

It can be performed on the longitudinal strips (boards) immediately after the log or before the schedule of the whip. The packing is the cross sections of logs, after which the logs of the specified length remain. Cutting is usually done manually with a chainsaw.

When cutting out, it is not only careful, but also to show skills when working with heavy logs of wood. The hurry in work can damage the chainsaw or cause injury.

Cutting should begin with the thickest and heaviest end of the log, and very long whips need to cut two first – this will facilitate further work.

Smooth

After trimming the bitch, the fallen whips are thrown – transport to temporary warehouses, from where they are shipped further along the chain. You should not confuse the garbage and transportation, which can be done almost unlimited distances. The garbage is carried out only within the limited cutting sections and the surrounding area.

Tractors equipped with a grave detection system are usually used during the dumping. With the ability to troubleshoot multiple logs, you can work at high power at the same time, allocating the minimum number of workers to the garbage. Instead of tractors, hanging roads are sometimes used when the plot is above the warehouse.

The process of rubbing logs using a specially equipped tractor

stabilization

For the intermediate processing of wood, the process of stabilization – deep impregnation with various reagents can be used. Such processing improves the safety of the material during storage, so this process is also called preservation. Processing is carried out by natural oils (most often linen), varnishes, paints, synthetic polymer compounds and tar.

During impregnation, the following methods are used:

• Cold impregnation – soaking the gaps of a tree of small thickness in an impregnation solution;
• Hot impregnation is the aging of thick boards and bars in a hot mix. The reduction in viscosity with increasing temperature increases the tendency of the solution to penetrate deep into the material;
• Vacuum impregnation – By saturating a tree with a solution, the creation of a deep vacuum in a sealed chamber takes advantage of removing air from the material. According to the exposure of wood, the camera becomes a certain time, which differs for boards of different thick, density and wood varieties. It fills the pores more efficiently because it is drawn into them with preserved vacuum remnants.
• Povezing under pressure – can be combined with a vacuum impregnation and is to pump high pressure over the impregnation solution. This improves the penetration of liquid deeply into the material and promotes its faster saturation.

At home alone it is possible to reproduce only methods of hot and cold impregnation. The tree should be well dried before they are used. To do this, you do not have to use natural drying, but with heating, which reduces the humidity of the final material.

Wooden transport

The transport of whips to the location of further processing and storage can be carried out with water, rail or road vehicles.

• Water transport is the cheapest and slowest way to transport a large amount of wood. It is only used in the presence of large shipping motorways nearby, so that the most important logging is usually in addition to large freshwater arteries.
• Railway traffic refers to the fastest and most productive methods to transport a large number of wood. The increased energy price and the inability to use power lines in remote areas make a similar transport method more expensive than water. An additional bonus when using this type of transport is a network of railways that is much more developed than a river shipping system.
• Motor transport – is only used for limited logging (mainly for valuable types of wood). Most often, the transport of whips to truck is already carried out by the end consumer and is not interested in further processing of the tree. The high transport costs are considerably the cost of a cubic meter of material.

How the wood is transported

Water transport with rail drive transport

Features of wood storage

Most operational properties depend on the method of storing the wood. The swelling of the tree, which occurs during improper storage, leads to harvest (deformation) of wood and the lower appearance of cracks and bends.

In order to save the tree up to the final program in normal condition, a number of rules must be observed:

• The material is stacked with stacks. This allows you to save compact supplies on boards and prevent them from being distracted.
• A canopy should be placed over the stack or covered with a polymer film. This prevents the swelling caused by the absorption of moisture and the quick wear of the tools with the winter saw of frozen wood;
• It is necessary to leave a distance from the floor to boards that contributes to ventilation. The same distances should remain between the relaxed layers. To do this, it is necessary to build a stack by placing the boards on top or along and leaving small wood stops at their ends.

The proper workpiece and the storage of wood is the key to the preservation of quality material for construction and for decorative use. You should not be set up deeply in the details of the storage of small wooden stacks, but the basic rules must be observed.

The impregnation (stabilization) of the wood contributes to improving the processing and processing of the material as well as the extension of the lifespan. It is worth noting that thanks to the use of specialized devices, the process of wood process can now be significantly simplified.

How an automated workpiece happens on the video: