Cut grapes in summer
Grapes are a rapidly growing plant and if they are not properly maintained, they will devote all their internal resources of the production of fresh vines. In order to achieve a plenty of and tasty harvest, the gardener must “adapt” the priorities of this horticultural plant and not focus on the growth, but at the formation of new grapes. For this purpose, the grapes are circumcised in summer. The article describes this procedure with all small nuances, indicates the time frame in which certain manipulations have to be carried out, and also gives recommendations for the care of wine bushes after circumcision.
What is it for?
Cutting grapes in summer is one of the necessary components in maintaining this plant. If this is not done, the bushes grow uncontrollably and give a lean harvest of small and acidic fruits. In general, this procedure leads to the following results:
Large and sweet berries;
Fast fruit ripening;
High ventilation of the system;
Resistance to various diseases;
Simplification of bush care;
Free access to stems and grapes;
high nutrient circulation within the plant;
Improvement of the aesthetic appearance of the vineyard.
For an inexperienced gardener, it may seem that a large number of frui t-bearing arrows automatically make the cutting of grapes superfluous. In this case, the harvest will be plentiful, but the taste and size of the berries will leave something to be desired, since all nutrients that the bush gets out of the ground flow into growth and not into the formation of fruits.
Another possible option is the complete lack of fruits if there is a large number of leaves, a high density and branching of the plant.
It follows that the main task of the grape cut is to maintain a balance between empty and fertile vines during the active life of the plant.
The advantage of this procedure is the possibility to do it with the help of garden devices and without them (we will go into it further below). And the availability of temporary resources should also be attributed to the positive aspects – the grape cut is carried out from June to August, which means that the gardener can plan time for certain procedures.
In general, maintaining the grapes in summer requires daily effort and attention. If this garden culture is not taken seriously, the primary episodes are a lean harvest (or its complete absence) and a neglected appearance of the garden property itself. At the same time, the effort and the time of the gardener invested are more than rewarded – thanks to the back and the right one Care in summer from August to November the grape bushes are littered with large grapes with large and sweet berries.
Timed coordination
In summer, grape bushes should be trimmed both before and after flowering and during the occurrence of brushes (with unnecessary drives). In other words, you have to cut the grapes every three months – in June, July and August.
June circumcision lies in the following manipulations – break the young processes and tie together a fertile trunk. Thanks to these actions, the cargo of brushes with a property and empty processes is evenly distributed. And this month too, the replacement of processes will be determined, where fruitful bends are formed after 1 year.
In the middle of summer, when the grapes are faded, experts recommend removing excess steps, processing the system from pests and fertilizing the soil. As a result, such care leads to a sweet and abundant harvest.
The circumcision of young shoots in August takes place through the miles. In addition, gardeners are recommended with experience to remove several upper roots at the end of summer to improve the functioning of the lower area of the rhizome.
At the discretion of the gardeners, the problem of removing the grape antennas remains – if the bush is bound to the support, you can get rid of the mustache.
First of all, it should be noted that within two years after planting this garden culture, an algorithm occurs regardless of the diversity that contains the following characteristics:
Preliminary planning of the future form of the grape shrub;
When planning the bush for the winter, the maximum shortening of the plant of the plant;
Distance of the vine that overwhelmed two seasons because it will no longer give berries;
Conservation of 8 eyes or more during the circumcision of fertile arrows.
Formally, the process of summer grape cutting is divided into 4 levels: removal of stepshons, clamping, clarification and coin embossing. Below you will find a ste p-by level description of the implementation of these procedures. These tips can be useful for both beginners and for people with experience in this matter.
Remove step sons
In July, experts advise to eliminate unnecessary filming after the bushes faded. As a result of this procedure, the plant gains access to the necessary solar radiation, so that the berries purchase sweetness and the bush itself becomes more resistant to various diseases.
It is not recommended to cut the stepson into the base-it is better to leave a process of about 15 to 20 mm from the first sheet from the leaf.
Since grapes are a rapidly growing plant, the bushes have to be examined every week so that it is easier and more convenient to thin step sons that appear 2-3 days after trimming.
Pinch
The pinch is carried out to improve the fertile properties of the plant. This method of trimming is slowing down the growth of the shoots, which gives the nutrients that previously contributed to the plant to form new hops.
The pinch is carried out before the grapes flower and upper part of the young shoot (9.5-10.5 cm until the trunk above the trunk) is recorded by two fingers.
This procedure should be carried out every 10-12 days.
Lightening
This type of cut is usually carried out during the maturation of the hands and is to dilute the foliage, with the blowing of the plant and cluster increasing, which improves the quality of the harvest. Experienced gardeners recommend leaving a maximum of three clusters for strong shoots and one on the weak.
For many beginners, it is typical to leave cut leaves near the roots of the bush on the floor – this is wrong because bacterial collections can form on the foliage that can continue to hit the grape bush.
Light
The embossing process has common steps with pinching, however, in this case, the shoot tip should be removed by about 40 cm.As a rule, embossing is carried out in August in order to speed up the ripening process of the berries.
Features of hunting a grape bush:
an average of 14 leaves must remain on the plant;
It is not recommended to overshorten the shoots and carry out the procedure yourself until August, otherwise this will lead to intensive formation of stepchildren and delayed maturation of the brushes.
It is impossible to carry out pruning on diseased bushes in dry and hot weather, as well as in areas with close groundwater.
Before cutting the bush, working tools (knives, secateurs) must first be disinfected and sharpened. It should be remembered that the cuts must be on the inside of the shoot and smooth – otherwise a sharp drop in yield is possible due to poor circulation of the internal juices of the plant with various nutrients. Likewise, pruning of grapes can be done with bare hands, breaking off unnecessary shoots.
post-treatment
In summer, the plant should be cared for after pruning:
water plentifully (1 bucket of water per 1 vine bush);
fertilize (ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate);
loosen the soil around the plant after watering and introducing liquid fertilizer;
How to cut grapes in summer?
Grapes are a plant that grows very quickly. If you do not take care of him by all the rules, then in the future it will bear worse fruit. All the necessary nutrients, trace elements, vitamins and minerals go to unnecessary shoots. There are many pruning options, so every gardener will find something suitable for himself.
The need for a procedure
Summer pruning of grapes is one of the most important and necessary procedures that should be carried out annually. If this is not done, then all new shoots will grow at random, and the harvest will be small, the fruits will differ in their small taste. Berries are usually sour and slightly bitter without cutting off excess shoots.
Annual pruning leads to:
- a bountiful harvest at any time of the year, regardless of weather conditions;
- the fruits grow much larger and have a noticeably different taste (sweet, with a pleasant acidity);
- berries begin to ripen much earlier, so harvesting is faster;
- remove unnecessary shoots, in the middle of the grapes there is sufficient fresh air permeability;
- The plant has increased resistance to various infectious diseases, so such specimens do not even need additional chemical treatment.
- constant pruning of grapes in the summer greatly simplifies the care of individual bushes;
- all nutrients, organic and mineral elements do not penetrate the shoots that no longer bear fruit, in fact the plant does not waste resources;
- better exposure to sunlight on the vine and individual shoots, which has a positive effect on the fruit ripening process;
- Getting rid of unnecessary shoots will give a better look – such bushes always look very neat and do not take up much space.
The beginning of summer residents and gardeners are very often mistaken, believing that the presence of a large number of fruit arrows will exempt from annual pruning. In this case, the harvest will be very rich, but the taste and size of the fruit may not be happy. Usually the berries are very small, sour and have a bitter taste. It is impossible to use such fruits, so very often they are thrown away or fed by pets. There is practically no benefit to a person in such a harvest, since all the beneficial substances remain at the base of the grape bush.
Perhaps the complete absence of fruit is possible in the presence of a large number of foliage, wefts and yielding branches. This option is very common, so sometimes novice gardeners do not understand what is the reason.
The main goal of trimming grapes in summer is to maintain a healthy ratio between fruit and new shoots during the period of vital activity. The main advantage of the procedure is the complete absence of preparatory stages. Pruning can be done both with garden tools and with improvised means. Another plus is large timeframes. You can do trimming throughout the summer season, so each gardener can correctly allocate their time.
Grapes, as in any plant, need the owner’s daily care and attention. A rich harvest with large and sweet berries is only possible with sufficient effort.
When to trim?
In the summer season, the vine needs pruning: both before and after flowering. Simple, then the bushes will have to cut off the entire warm period of the year: in June, in July, in August.
Pruning in early summer is one of the simplest and does not require complex actions. It consists in removing young processes and tying the stalk that bears fruit. Such simple procedures will allow the bushes to form correctly, and the load on the vine will be evenly distributed. During this period, processes that replace old shoots are laid. It is in their place that full fruiting stems are formed next year. June pruning is the most important, the quantity and quality of the final crop depend on it.
In July, when the plant has already passed the flowering stage, agronomists recommend removing processes that, if necessary, process clusters of malicious insects, fungal and infectious diseases. Additionally, you can add top dressing into the soil. It can be prepared mineral and bio complexes bought in the store. They contain all the necessary nutrients, minerals and vitamins in the right amount. You can prepare solutions at home using mullein, hummus, wood ash or peat.
Pruning of young processes in August takes place through coins (described later). Gardeners in the last month recommend removing several roots that are near the top layer of soil. This is done to make the plant “function” better. At the end of summer you can remove the newly grown grapes. This procedure is not mandatory, is at the discretion of the owner. But experienced gardeners recommend doing this procedure annually.
cutting options
To begin with, it is worth that in the first two years after planting, trimming proceeds along the standard algorithm. You should not retreat from it, as you can harm the plant and stop its growth and development. The algorithm is suitable for all varieties, any region and a different climate. It has its own characteristics that every gardener should know about.
- The shape of the bush should be predetermined. It is better to give preference to the oval or pyramidal structure of the bush.
- The country’s cold regions require annual protection from frosts, otherwise the shrub may die. In order for the plant to survive the most severe bad weather, it is recommended to shorten the trunk as much as possible.
- The processes that have already experienced two winters must be removed: they are no longer fruitful and take resources from a productive STEM.
The whole process of summer pruning can be divided into 4 main periods: removing stepsons, pinching, lightning, coins. For novice gardeners, pruning will be planned below for maximum useful information.
Pinch
Pinch is another mandatory stage of summer grape pruning. It is performed to improve the fruiting of the bush. This option of pruning significantly slows down the growth of unnecessary shoots, so all the nutrients go directly into fruiting stems. Otherwise, the plant will spend resources on young and not yet formed processes.
The pinch should be done in the second half of June until the plant bloomed. To do this, the upper part of the escape, which was only recently established, is held in place with two fingers. You need to cut out about 10 cm of the process from the main stem. To make the procedure more effective, toning in is required every two weeks. Thus, new shoots will be much worse, the plant will bloom faster and bring a large harvest.
Remove step sons
Experienced gardeners recommend getting rid of stepsons when the plant has completely faded. Usually this is the second half of July (it all depends on the region and climatic conditions). As a result of the stepson, the grape bush receives greater exposure to the sun, in the center of the plant it is better circulating fresh air, which significantly reduces the risk of fungal diseases. In addition, a large amount of light has a beneficial effect on the taste of the fruit: it becomes juicy and sweet.
It is not recommended to cut unnecessary shoots at the base – it is better to retreat a little (2-3 cm), leaving a small process. This will greatly reduce the risk of damaging fruit shots. Grapes grow very quickly, so it is recommended to remove the steps every week, carefully inspect all the bushes a few days after the procedure. Getting rid of unnecessary shoots will lead to a rich and tasty harvest.
Lightening
This trimming method is carried out at the time of ripening of the fruit. The main goal of the method is to access more sunlight and fresh air. Thanks to this, not only the quality improves, but also the amount of harvest. The procedure is removing extra leaves from fruit shoots. For beginners it should be said that on stable branches it is recommended to leave no more than three clusters, when the escape is quite weak – one.
The leaves should be cut with a garden trestle or improvised tools (e.g. scissors, table knife, etc.). It is worth removing several leaf records from one bush so that sunlight falls in the middle of the vine.
It is not recommended to leave cut leaves on the ground near the vineyards, as after a while they will become reserved. Such conditions are favorable for the development of harmful and pathogenic microorganisms. With further development, they can affect grapes and significantly reduce the amount of harvest.
Light
The campaign also occurs in the first year after planting. It is important to remember that about 15 adult leaves should remain on one grape bush. The shoots should not be shortened, as this will contribute to stopping the growth of the plant. Pruning should be completed by the second half of August, otherwise it can lead to excessive formation of unnecessary shoots and an increase in fruit ripening.
Pruning of patients and damaged bushes is not recommended, otherwise it can also lead to a delay or cessation of growth of fruit shoots. Pruning should only take place in dry and warm weather so that the plant is as comfortable as possible.
Before cutting the bush, you need to have at hand garden or improvised tools (garde n-hacksaw, scissors, coach, knife). In order not to bring the infection to an open wound, it is recommended to treat objects with a disinfectant. It can be potassium permanganate, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide 3% or ethyl alcohol.
All sections should be on the inside of the plant, should not have roughness and abrasion. Otherwise, a sharp decrease in the crop is possible, since the movement of juice will be suspended. It can be done with your hands, breaking out unnecessary shoots and tops. This method does not take much time and the result will certainly surprise you.
care after the procedure
After the procedure, grapes, like any other plant, need careful care. This is done in such a way that the wounds dress as quickly as possible, and the plant continues to lead normal life.
First of all, it is necessary to process the sawn or broken edges of the shoots. So that pathogenic organisms do not fall into the wound, it must be disinfected. It is allowed to use all available antibacterial agents. It can be potassium permanganate, a weak solution of peroxide or alcohol diluted in water. It is better to perform with a cotton swab or a rag. The disinfectant should be carefully driven onto the surface of the wound.
After the wound has been processed, it must be closed. It is better to do this with the help of jammed lime or clay. In the shops for the garden and the garden ready are also sold, and can also be used. It is important to properly close all edges of the wound so that it tightens as quickly as possible. In addition, such processing prevents pathogens from hitting the sawn area. If pests fall on the wound, it significantly increases healing time and can cause growth arrest.
Immediately after pruning, the shrubs should be well watered. For this purpose it is better to use water at room temperature or slightly heated in the sun. About 20 liters per plant should be taken, not too much liquid is recommended.
Grapes do not like an excessive amount of moisture, so everything should be in moderation. The water can be added to a little potassium permanganate to disinfect the root system and the soil around the plant.
Particular attention must be paid to loosening. The root systems of shrubs need fresh air circulation and nutrient absorption. To do this, loosen the floor after each watering. This can be done with a rake, a hoe or special tools. In addition, this procedure helps to remove unnecessary weed cultures.
The treatment of pests and pathogens of infectious fungal diseases is an important step after pruning. The fact is that the plant is weakened after the procedure and easily attacked by various insects and microorganisms. It should be processed with prefabricated complexes that are available in every shop.
The fertilization is a phase without which the care of each plant is indispensable. The soil is often not fertile, so that the root system does not receive the right amount of nutrients, essential trace elements and minerals. In this case, top dressing comes to rescue. You can use finished mineral, organic fertilizers. They already contain all elements, vitamins and minerals necessary for the grape. It is enough to sprinkle the earth around the shrub with the mixture and pour plenty. All substances immediately reach the plant’s root system.
You can buy it in a specialist shop.
If it is not possible to buy finished complexes, feeding can be done independently. For this purpose, peat, sound, sand, wood ash, humus or royal candle may be used. You should first be diluted with water and only then inserted into the floor. Both methods are safe and very effective and suitable for every variety.
The grap care should be started immediately after the cut in the vine, so that the plant does not set its growth and fruit development.
Cutting grapes is an annual mandatory procedure. Thanks to this, you can achieve an abundant and tasty harvest. It is important to remember the main aspects of agricultural manipulations, to follow the advice of experienced gardeners and carefully maintain the plant after pruning.
