Autumn grape processing

Grape processing in the fall of diseases and pests: Remot to a novice

Grapes are a moody plant that is difficult to grow. Even hybrids, adapted to Russian conditions, varieties are susceptible to diseases and attacked by insects. Processing of grapes in the fall is necessary to get rid of the spores of the fungus and larvae of parasites that remain after the summer season.

Why is the processing of grapes effective in the fall?

It seems to novice gardeners that since pests are dormant in autumn and winter, you can not worry about preventive measures. But in the winter season, when heating, fungi or parasites can be activated and grapes can be damaged. With the first spring warmth of the disease and insects not destroyed last year will feel themselves. The plant, which only dissolves and weakens the kidneys, can die.

Competent spraying reduces the likelihood of the following diseases:

1. Mildu or downy mildew of grapes. It affects the foliage, forming a light plaque. Drop berries and reduce the harvest. It is transmitted by spores and can persist in the kidneys for a long time.
2. anthracnose. The fungus forms brown spots with a noticeable ring on the stem, leaves, fruits. The anthracnose not only visually spoils the plant, but also prevents the movement of nutrients, but promotes the development of putrefactive processes.
3. oidium. Real powdery dew. The signs resemble mild, but affect the vines more quickly.
4. Gray rot or botritiose. Disputes are dispersed in the wind. Botritiose causes gray mold mainly on the fruit. In a short time, it destroys the entire crop, but does not affect the root system.
5. Black rot. It affects the leaves, forming cream spots. In advanced cases, it spoils the harvest. It is considered the most dangerous disease of grapes and can destroy entire vineyards.

Depending on the drugs selected, the treatment can also be antiparasitic in nature. Insecticides will help eliminate:

• spider mite;
• Aphid;
• The larvae of the tree.

Autumn processing is also convenient, since it is carried out after harvesting, so there is no risk of poisoning berries.

In what periods are pests and diseases treated

Processing with provided medicines (Mikal, Volpan, Horus) is carried out immediately after harvesting. In the southern regions, this is September 7-17. In the middle lane, the collection will take place later on September 20-30. In the northern regions, early grapes specially adapted to regional conditions are planted. It is impossible to wait for the cold weather in mid-September. In the northern provisions of the Russian Federation, the collection is assigned from the 7-15 number. Spraying is done after removing all the berries.

The bush must be prepared for the procedure:

• remove dry leaves;
• Cut the cuttings;
• Cut the surfaces of the vines.

If copper and ferrous sulphate is used for spraying, then you need to wait until all the leaves are dry and fall in a natural way. The kidneys should be closed, otherwise the plant will receive a burn. The estimated processing period by these means is the second half of October.

How to carry out grape processing: step-by-step instructions

Features of the procedure largely depend on the chosen drug, but there are general processing rules:

1. Use garden sprayer. On each bush, depending on the instructions, spend 1-2 liters of the drug. It is necessary to additionally spray or water the soil, and disputes and larvae can also remain in it.
2. Protect mucous membranes from drugs. It is advisable to wear a respirator and use goggles.
3. Perform in dry calm weather. In the rainy season, you need to know the moment when there is no precipitation after another 4-5 hours.

Now let’s consider step-by-STEP instructions to combat each disease.

Oidium: “Mikal”, iron sulfate

Ferrous sulfur is diluted in proportions of 500 g per 10 l of water. Spraying is done immediately, otherwise the drug may lose its effect. Mikal is grown to reach a concentration of 0.25%. Within 7 days of its application, you can not touch the bush.

Ferrous sulfate is effective and against anthracnose. It is used in the same proportions as in preventing oidium.

Mildu: copper cupor, “folpan”

Copper sulfate is diluted in the proportion of 50 g of a substance per 5 l of water. “Folpan” is consumed by the calculation of 1.5–2 kg per hectare of landings. You can read more in the packaging instructions. As in the case of Mikal, the vine is untouched for 7 days after processing.

Aphids, Holzern, spider mite: urea

It is recommended that urea can be used simultaneously with ferrous sulfate. Proportions – 100-300 g per 10 l of water. If parasites were found during the season, 300 g per bucket of water is diluted, if not, 100 g the vines with an agent, water the soil. It burns out the larvae of pests.

home remedies

Folk remedies can be used if there were no ready-made mixtures at hand. They are less effective but safe for humans even if they enter the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and eyes. Popular options for folk remedies:

1. Iodine. Helps from gray rot. Dilute 0.5 tsp. Substances per 10 liters of water.
2. A mixture of ash and laundry soap from Mildu. In 10 liters of water add 500 g of wood ash, insist 3 hours and dilute in a solution 50 g (half a piece) of grated laundry.

Processing is carried out in the same way as when using professional tools: by spraying and watering.

Gardeners, in whose interests are a worthy and healthy harvest next year, must be preventive processing in the fall. To consolidate the result, spraying is carried out twice with a week’s break. The next processing is already required in the spring.

Grape processing in the fall from pests and diseases

Grapes are a rather capricious culture. Varietal characteristics and quality of planting material are of great importance. Hybrids should be planted that are already adapted to the climate. This will reduce the risk of infectious diseases and warn insects. To get a plentiful harvest, you also need to observe the cultivation technology and carry out preventive processing. To get the maximum effect, grapes are after collecting the ripened clusters and need to be sprayed before shelter. Autumn treatment will get rid of the larvae of harmful insects and spores of the fungus. The refusal of this procedure leads to a decrease in productivity, a deterioration in the appearance of vines and berries. The root system, shoots, inflorescences and leaf plates can also suffer. The bush will be slower than neighbors.

Why do you need to process grapes in the fall?

Contrary to popular belief, many pests remain active in cold weather. The damage done by culture during this time seems insignificant. The consequences only become fully apparent during the growing season.

Westwood fungi and parasites often cause plant death.

Autumn spraying allows you to get rid of:

• Wrong mildew. The disease affects leaves and berries. A slight surface forms on them. The pathogens of the disease are spores that remain viable for a long time and are in the ground and in the kidneys;
• Black rot. Crea m-colored stains appear on the leaf blades. If left untreated, the vineyard is completely destroyed;
• Anthracnosis. The negative effects of the mushroom affect the inner structure and the outer surface of the plant. This activates putrefaction processes;
• Botrythiosis (gray column). Damage occurs on the grapes. The root system remains intact. The spores are carried to the plants by wind currents;
• Oidium. This is how real mildew is called. The clinical picture of this disease is similar to the symptoms of a wrong way of disease.

Thanks to the timely use of insecticides, you can get rid of woodworm larvae, spider mites and aphids.

The berries are not affected during autumn processing because the harvest has already been harvested during this time. The risk of fruit poisoning is therefore completely no longer necessary.

Conditions of the autumn processing of grapes

The harvest of the fruits and the spray time depend on the climatic conditions.

• In the southern regions, the procedure falls on September 7th to 17th.
• Gardeners who live in the middle alley process from September 20 to 30.
• Adjusted early grapes are used for cultivation in the northern regions. Harvested in the 7-15 days of the first autumn month. The shrubs are processed immediately after the tire grapes were removed from the vines.

In order to prepare the grapes for spraying, the gardener must cut off the tips of the vines and cuttings and remove dry leaves.

If you want to use iron and copper sulfate for processing, you should wait for the natural case of the leaves and close the buds.

The summer resident, who heals with processing, only burns the plants. In this case, the grapes are injected in the second half of October.

Instructions for processing grapes in autumn

The procedure is not difficult. The solution made according to the instructions that are attached to the preparation used is poured into a garden injection. The consumption rate for each grape shrub is 1-2 liters.

The processing is not only subject to the plant, but also the soil surrounding it. This destroys the larvae and spores remaining in the ground.

Before spraying, the gardener must wear safety glasses, a respirator and rubber gloves. The processing should be carried out in dry, calm weather.

4-5 hours without a precipitation are sufficient for a positive result. During this time, the drug has time to be absorbed.

Preparations and funds for autumn processing

Treated vines may darken. The breeder should not be afraid.

Subsequently, the paint acquires the usual shade.

When using Fundazol, it should be remembered that this powder is poorly soluble in water and does not differ in volatility. The drug has a second class of danger.

Ferrous vitriol is widely used for autumn processing, but it is not recommended to use it in spring. This substance has an astringent effect on grapes. Many summer residents ignore this recommendation to reduce the risk of kidney damage from recurring frosts.

Folk remedies are much safer than chemicals. They do not harm plants or processing people. Spraying is often combined with pouring.

Preventive processing of grapes in the fall from pests and diseases is included in the list of mandatory procedures. When preparing for the winter, the gardener should not forget about top dressing, proper watering and harvesting cuttings. The final step is protecting the vine bushes. Protecting the crop from infectious diseases and pests in the fall allows the gardener to get a bountiful, high-quality harvest during the fruiting period.

The grower should not neglect the necessary agricultural practices, folk, biological and chemical control means. Applying them systematically will prevent the occurrence of serious problems. Timely prevention is the key to the health of the entire vineyard. Even strong shrubs can suffer from 1-2 affected plants.